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To stay without

  • 1 emaneo

    ē-mănĕo, nsi, 2, v. n.
    * I.
    To stay without, remain beyond, Stat. Th. 7, 650.—
    II.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > emaneo

  • 2 moror

    1.
    mŏror, ātus, 1, v. dep. n. and a. [mora].
    I.
    Neutr., to delay, tarry, stay, wait, remain, linger, loiter (syn.: cesso, cunctor, haesito; class.); eamus ergo ad cenam: quid stas? Thr. Ubi vis:

    non moror,

    i. e. I have no objection, Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 6:

    Lucceius narravit, Brutum valde morari, non tergiversantem, sed exspectantem, si qui forte casus, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 16, 5, 3:

    quid moror?

    Hor. C. 2, 17, 6:

    quid multis moror?

    why do I linger long? why make a long story of it? Ter. And. 1, 1, 87:

    ne multis morer,

    to be brief, in short, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 46, § 104:

    paulum morandum in his intervallis,

    Quint. 11, 3, 39:

    quod adhuc Brundisii moratus es,

    have tarried, remained, Cic. Fam. 15, 17, 2:

    in provinciā,

    id. Att. 7, 1, 5:

    haud multa moratus,

    i. e. without delaying long, Verg. A. 3, 610:

    nec plura moratus,

    without tarrying any longer, id. ib. 5, 381:

    rosa quo locorum Sera moretur,

    may linger, may be, Hor. C. 1, 38, 3:

    Corycia semper qui puppe moraris,

    Juv. 14, 267.—With cum:

    ubi, et cum quibus moreris,

    stay, reside, Sen. Ep. 32, 1.—With quin:

    nec morati sunt quin decurrerent ad castra,

    Liv. 40, 31, 8.—In the part. perf. subst.:

    ad sexcentos moratorum in citeriore ripā cepit,

    Liv. 21, 47, 3; 21, 48, 6; cf.:

    ad duo milia aut moratorum aut palantium per agros interfecta,

    id. 24, 41, 4; v. Drakenb. ad h. 1.—
    II.
    Act., to delay, retard, detain, cause to wait, hinder:

    ne affinem morer, Quin, etc.,

    delay, Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 5:

    argentum non morabor quin feras,

    id. As. 2, 2, 88:

    morari ac sustinere impetum hostium,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 26:

    conanti dexteram manum,

    id. ib. 5, 44, 8:

    eum,

    Cic. Fam. 6, 20, 28:

    iter,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 40:

    naves,

    Plin. 9, 25, 41, § 80:

    morari ab itinere proposito hostem,

    Liv. 23, 28, 9:

    morantur pauci Ridiculum et fugientem ex urbe pudorem,

    Juv. 11, 54.—
    2.
    To fix the attention of, to delight, amuse, entertain: morata recte Fabula Valdius oblectat, populum meliusque moratur, Quam, etc., delays, i. e. entertains, Hor. A. P. 321:

    carmina, quae possint oculos auresque morari Caesaris,

    arrest, id. Ep. 1, 13, 17:

    tardior stilus cogitationem moratur,

    Quint. 1, 1, 28: profecto non plus biduum aut— Ph. Aut? nihil moror, I will wait no longer, will bear no delay, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 104:

    egomet convivas moror,

    keep them waiting, Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 120.—
    B.
    In partic.: nihil morari aliquem, not to detain a person, to let him go, to dismiss. Thus the consul said when he dismissed the Senate:

    Nihil amplius vos moramur,

    I will detain you no longer, you are dismissed, Capitol. M. Aurel. 10. This is the customary formula for abandoning an accusation and dismissing an accused person:

    C. Sempronium nihil moror,

    i. e. I withdraw my accusation against, Liv. 4, 42, 8:

    cum se nihil morari magistrum equitum pronuntiasset,

    id. 8, 35, 8:

    negavit, se Gracchum morari,

    id. 43, 16, 16.—Hence,
    2.
    Trop.: nihil morari (with acc., an object-clause, or quo minus), to let a thing go, i. e. not to value or regard, to care nothing about it, to have nothing to say against it, etc.:

    nam vina nihil moror illius orae,

    care nothing for it, am not fond of it, Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 16:

    officium,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 264:

    nec dona moror,

    Verg. A. 5, 400:

    nil ego istos moror faeceos mores,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 18 Brix ad loc.—With object-clauses:

    alieno uti nihil moror,

    I do not want to, Plaut. Capt. prol. 16: nihil moror, eos salvos esse, et ire quo jubetis, am not opposed to it, have nothing to say against it, Ant. ap. Cic. Phil. 13, 17, 35:

    nil moror eum tibi esse amicum,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 56.— With quominus:

    nihil ego quidem moror, quominus decemviratu abeam,

    I do not hesitate to, I will immediately, Liv. 3, 54, 4. —Hence, * mŏrātē, adv., lingeringly, slowly:

    moratius,

    Sen. Q. N. 6, 14, 3.
    ► 1.
    Act. collat. form mŏro, āre: quid moras? Naev. ap. Diom. p. 395 P.: morares Enn. ib.: moraret, Pac. ib. (cf. Enn. p. 154, v. 11 Vahl.; Trag. Rel. p. 82 Rib.; Com. Rel. p. 16 ib.).—
    2.
    Pass. impers.: ita diu, ut plus biennium in his tricis moretur, be spent, lost, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 5, 2.
    2.
    mōror, 1, v. dep. n. [môros], to be foolish, be a fool (post-Aug.), in the lusus verbb.:

    morari eum (Claudium) inter homines desiisse, productā primā syllabā, jocabatur,

    Suet. Ner. 33.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > moror

  • 3 moror

        moror ātus, ārī, dep.    [mora], to delay, tarry, stay, wait, remain, linger, loiter: Eamus... Ubi vis; non moror, i. e. I have no objection, T.: Brundisi: amplius morando, S.: apud oppidum, Cs.: in quā (commemoratione) diutius non morabor: faciem capere morando, i. e. by slow degrees, O.: quid moror? H.: quid multis moror? why make a long story? T.: ne multis morer, to be brief: haud multa moratus, i. e. without long delay, V.: paulum lacrimis et mente morata, in tearful thought, V.: rosa quo locorum Sera moretur, may linger, H.: nec morati sunt quin decurrerent ad castra, L.: nihil ego moror quo minus decemviratu abeam, i. e. I will immediately, L.: cui bellum moremur inferre: in conubio natae, brood, V.— To delay, retard, impede, detain, cause to wait, hinder: impetum hostium, Cs.: eum: ab itinere hostem, L.: absiste morari, detain (me) not, V.: convivas, keep waiting, T.— To fix the attention of, delight, delay, amuse, entertain: Fabula populum moratur, H.: oculos aurīsque Caesaris, arrest, H.— P. pass.: novitate morandus spectator, H.— To hinder, prevent, impede: non moror quo minus in civitatem redeant, L.: moratus sit nemo, quo minus abeant, L.—In the phrase, nihil morari, with acc. of person, not to detain, let go, dismiss, release: C. Sempronium nihil moror, i. e. withdraw my accusation against, L.: negavit, se Gracchum morari, said he had nothing against, L.—In the phrase, nihil morari, with acc. of thing, or an obj clause, to let go, not value, disregard, care nothing for, have nothing to say against: profecto non plus biduom aut— Ph. Aut? nil moror, I don't care for that, T.: nam vina nihil moror illius orae, H.: nihil moror, eos salvos esse: invisum quem tibi esse Nil moror, I care not, V.: ut multum (sc. scripserit), nil moror, attach no value to quantity, H.
    * * *
    morari, moratus sum V DEP
    delay; stay, stay behind; devote attention to

    Latin-English dictionary > moror

  • 4 contineo

    con-tĭnĕo, tĭnŭi, tentum, 2, v. a. and n. [teneo].
    I.
    Act., to hold or keep together.
    A.
    In gen. (rare).
    1.
    Lit. (syn.:

    coërceo, conjungo): contine quaeso caput,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 26:

    quod omnem continet amplexu terram,

    Lucr. 5, 319; cf.:

    mundus omnia conplexu suo coërcet et continet,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 22, 58:

    vitem levi nodo,

    Plin. 17, 22, 35, § 187:

    magni refert primordia saepe cum quibus... contineantur,

    Lucr. 1, 818; 1, 908; 2, 761;

    2, 1008: pars oppidi, mari dijuncta angusto, ponte adjungitur et continetur,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 52, § 117.—
    b.
    Of places, to bound, limit, enclose (very rare in act.):

    reliquum spatium mons continet,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 38:

    Oceanus ponto qua continet orbem,

    Tib. 4, 1, 147; but more freq. in pass., to be comprised, enclosed, surrounded, encompassed, environed by:

    qui vicus altissimis montibus undique continetur,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 1; so,

    undique loci naturā Helvetii,

    id. ib. 1, 2:

    mare montibus angustis,

    id. ib. 4, 23:

    una pars Galliae Garumnā flumine, Oceano, finibus Belgarum,

    id. ib. 1, 1.—
    2.
    Trop.:

    omnes artes quasi cognatione quādam inter se continentur,

    hang together, Cic. Arch. 1, 2.—Far more freq. in all periods and species of composition.,
    B.
    With partic. access. ideas.
    1.
    With the access. idea of firmness, quiet, permanence, etc., to hold or keep together, to keep, hold fast, preserve, retain (syn. servo).
    a.
    Lit.:

    (alvus) arcet et continet... quod recepit,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136:

    merces (opp. partiri),

    id. Vatin. 5, 12; cf.

    exercitum (opp. dividere),

    Liv. 28, 2, 16:

    arida continent odorem diutius,

    Plin. 21, 7, 18, § 39.—
    b.
    Trop.:

    nec ulla res vehementius rem publicam continet quam fides,

    Cic. Off. 2, 24, 84:

    Remos reliquosque Belgas in officio,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 11:

    in officio Dumnorigem,

    id. ib. 5, 7:

    te in exercitatione,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 19 fin.:

    te in tuis perenuibus studiis,

    id. Brut. 97, 332:

    ceteros in armis (plaga),

    Liv. 9, 41, 15:

    alicujus hospitio,

    Nep. Lys. 1, 5.—
    2.
    With the access. idea of hindering, preventing motion, to keep, keep still, detain, restrain, repress, enclose.
    a.
    Lit.: milites [p. 449] sub pellibus, Caes. B. G. 3, 29; cf.:

    pecudem sub tecto,

    Col. 7, 10, 3:

    exercitum castris,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 48; 2, 11; Liv. 31, 26, 6; 28, 9, 14 al.; cf.:

    nostros in castris (tempestates),

    Caes. B. G. 4, 34; 6, 36; and:

    copias in castris,

    id. B. C. 1, 66; 3, 30; Auct. B. Afr. 1; 7; Liv. 36, 17, 9:

    Pompeium quam angustissime,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 45:

    aliquem limine,

    Liv. 34, 1, 5:

    ora frenis,

    Phaedr. 3, 6, 7:

    ventos carcere,

    Ov. M. 11, 432:

    animam in dicendo,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261 et saep.:

    se ruri,

    to stay, remain, Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 17; cf.:

    se domi,

    Suet. Caes. 81:

    suo se loco,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 34:

    oppido sese,

    id. ib. 2, 30:

    castris se continere,

    id. B. C. 3, 37:

    se vallo,

    id. B. G. 5, 44:

    se finibus Romanis,

    Liv. 39, 17, 4; 34, 58, 3:

    moenibus sese,

    id. 42, 7, 4:

    agrorum suorum terminis se,

    id. 38, 40, 2:

    se moenibus,

    Ov. M. 13, 208:

    sese intra silvas,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 18:

    suos intra munitionem,

    id. ib. 5, 57;

    5, 58: milites intra castrorum vallum,

    id. B. C. 3, 76; Liv. 31, 34, 9;

    Auct. B. Afr. 24: intra castra militem,

    Tac. H. 4, 19:

    praesidibus provinciarum propagavit imperium, ut a peritis et assuetis socii continerentur,

    Suet. Aug. 23 et saep.:

    an te auspicium commoratum est? an tempestas continet?

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 67.—
    b.
    Trop., to hold back, detain, repress, hold in check, curb, check, stay, stop, tame, subdue, etc. (syn. cohibeo):

    adpetitiones animi,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 9, 22:

    omnis cupiditates,

    id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 11, § 32:

    modeste insolentiam suam,

    id. Agr. 1, 6, 18:

    risum,

    id. Fin. 4, 25, 71 et saep.:

    formido mortales omnes,

    Lucr. 1, 151:

    Etruriam non tam armis quam judiciorum terrore,

    Liv. 29, 36, 10:

    oppida magis metu quam fide,

    id. 30, 20, 5; cf.:

    quosdam continet metus,

    Quint. 1, 3, 6:

    solo metu,

    id. 12, 7, 2 et saep.:

    animum a consuetā libidine,

    Sall. J. 15, 3:

    temeritatem ab omni lapsu (with cohibere),

    Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 45:

    suos a proelio,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 15:

    manum juventus Metu deorum,

    Hor. C. 1, 35, 37 al.:

    se ab adsentiendo,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 104; so,

    se ab exemplis,

    id. Fin. 2, 19, 62:

    temperans, qui se in aliquā libidine continuerit,

    id. Par. 3, 1, 21:

    se male continet amens,

    Ov. M. 4, 351:

    male me, quin vera faterer, Continui,

    id. ib. 7, 729:

    nequeo continere quin loquar,

    Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 28.—

    Mid.: contineri, quin complectar, non queo,

    restrain myself, refrain, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 128; cf.:

    vix me contineo, quin, etc.,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 20:

    jam nequeo contineri,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 60; cf.:

    vix contineor,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 9:

    quae vera audivi, taceo et contineo optime,

    keep it to myself, conceal it, id. Eun. 1, 2, 23:

    ea quae continet, neque adhuc protulit, explicet nobis,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 47, 206:

    dicta,

    id. ib. 2, 55, 222.—
    3.
    With the access. idea of containing, to comprise, contain, involve, comprehend something in itself (syn. complector):

    (aqua gelum) quod continet in se, mittit,

    Lucr. 6, 877; cf.:

    ut omnia, quae aluntur et crescunt, contineant in se vim caloris,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 9, 23; so,

    in se,

    Quint. 1, 6, 31; 2, 10, 2:

    Quattuor aeternus genitalia corpora mundus Continet,

    Ov. M. 15, 240:

    rem militarem,

    Liv. 5, 52, 16:

    panis innumeras paene continet medicinas,

    Plin. 22, 25, 68, § 138:

    (linea) centum continet (pedes),

    Quint. 1, 10, 44:

    Idus Martiae magnum mendum continent,

    Cic. Att. 14, 22, 2:

    paucas species (vox),

    Quint. 11, 3, 18:

    tales res, quales hic liber continet,

    Cic. Or. 43, 148; Plin. Ep. 5, 9, 1:

    narrationes, quae summam criminis contineant,

    Quint. 4, 2, 10:

    fabula stultorum regum et populorum continet aestus,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 8; cf.:

    liber primus ea continebit, quae, etc., Quint. prooem. § 21: tertia epistula continebat, etc.,

    Plin. Ep. 9, 28, 5.—With subj.-clause:

    quando ipsos loqui deceat, quartus liber continet,

    Quint. 11, 1, 59.—Esp. freq.,
    b.
    In pass.: contineri aliquā re, to be contained in something, be composed of, consist of or in, to rest upon, to be supported by, etc.:

    terreno corpore,

    Lucr. 1, 1085:

    non venis et nervis et ossibus continentur (dii),

    Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 59:

    artem negabat esse ullam, nisi quae cognitis penitusque perspectis... rebus contineretur,

    id. de Or. 1, 20, 92:

    forma honestatis, quae tota quattuor his virtutibus... continetur,

    id. Fin. 2, 15, 48:

    versus paucis (pedibus) continetur,

    Quint. 9, 4, 60: quae philosophorum libris continentur, id. prooem. § 11; cf. id. 5, 10, 111 et saep.: artes, quae conjecturā continentur et sunt opinabiles, Cic. Div. 1, 14, 24:

    foedere,

    Liv. 41, 23, 9:

    actu,

    Quint. 2, 18, 5; 12, 9, 1; 3, 7, 28.—Rarely with in and abl.:

    forum, in quo omnis aequitas continetur,

    Cic. Cat. 4, 1, 2; cf.:

    quibus (legibus) in singulis civitatibus res publica continetur,

    id. Off. 3, 5, 23.—
    II.
    Neutr., to hold together in itself, to hang together (in the verb. finit. very rare; but freq. as P. a.; cf. also the deriv. continuus):

    per hortum utroque commeatus continet,

    Plaut. Stich. 3, 1, 43.—Hence,
    1.
    contĭnens, entis, P. a.
    A.
    (Acc. to II.) Holding or hanging together (freq. and class.).
    1.
    Bordering upon, neighboring, contiguous, lying near, adjacent (syn.: junctus, adjunctus, contiguus); constr. with dat., cum, or absol.
    a.
    Prop.:

    aër mari,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 45, 117:

    continentia atque adjuncta praedia huic fundo,

    id. Caecin. 4, 11:

    (mare) dissimile est proximo ei continenti,

    id. Ac. 2, 33, 105 al.:

    Cappadociae pars ea, quae cum Cilicià continens est,

    id. Fam. 15, 2, 2:

    (Morini) continentes silvas ac paludes habebant,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 28; cf. so absol.:

    parum locuples continente ripā,

    Hor. C. 2, 18, 22; cf.:

    pars eorum, qui propiores erant continenti litori,

    Liv. 44, 28, 12.— Subst.: contĭnentĭa, ĭum, n. (sc. loca), adjoining places, the neighborhood:

    Cherronesum et continentia usque Atho montem,

    Plin. 18, 25, 57, § 215 al.:

    urbis,

    the suburbs, Dig. 50, 16, 147.—
    b.
    Trop., in time, following, next:

    continentibus diebus,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 84;

    and of other abstract things: motus sensui junctus et continens,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 11, 26:

    timori perpetuo ipsum malum continens fuit,

    followed at its heels, Liv. 5, 39, 8.—
    2.
    Holding together, cohering in itself, connected, continuous, uninterrupted.
    a.
    Prop.:

    continens agmen migrantium,

    Liv. 1, 29, 4:

    agmen,

    id. 2, 50, 7; 8, 8, 13 al.:

    ruinae,

    id. 21, 8, 5; terra, the mainland, continent, Varr. ap. Charis. p. 100 P.; Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 274, 6; Nep. Them. 3, 2; and in the same sense far more freq. subst.: contĭnens, entis, f. (rarely masc., Curt. 4, 2, 1 Zumpt, dub.; abl. in e and i equally used;

    v. the 4th and 5th books of Caes. B. G.),

    Caes. B. G. 4, 27; 4, 28; 4, 31; 4, 36 bis et saep.; Nep. Milt. 7, 3; Liv. 35, 43, 4; Plin. 5, 31, 34, § 128; Suet Aug. 65; id. Tib. 40 et saep.—
    b.
    Trop., in time, continual, consecutive, uninterrupted:

    labor omnium dierum,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 63; Liv. 42, 54, 3:

    bella,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 11 fin.:

    imperium usque ad nos,

    Liv. 7, 30, 8:

    imber per noctem totam,

    id. 23, 44, 6:

    biduo,

    Suet. Calig. 19:

    febres sine intermissione,

    Cels. 3, 5 fin.:

    e continenti genere,

    in continuous descent, Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 61:

    spiritus,

    id. de Or. 3, 57, 216 et saep.: ex continenti (sc. tempore), instantly, immediately, = continuo, statim, Just. 1, 9; so,

    in continenti,

    Dig. 44, 5, 1.—
    B.
    (Acc. to I. B. 2. b.) That restrains his passions, continent, moderate, temperate, enkratês (rare, but in good prose):

    continentior in vitā hominum quam in pecuniā,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 23:

    cum reges tam sint continentes, multo magis consularis esse oportere,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 19, 1:

    puer,

    id. Att. 6, 6, 3:

    Epaminondas,

    Nep. Epam. 3, 2 al. — Sup., Cic. Par. 1, 1, 7; Suet. Aug. 71.—
    C.
    (Acc. to I. B. 3.) In rhet., subst.: contĭnens, entis, n., that on which something rests or depends, the chief point, hinge:

    causae,

    Cic. Part. Or. 29, 103; id. Top. 25, 95:

    intuendum videtur, quid sit quaestio, ratio, judicatio, continens, vel ut alii vocant, firmamentum,

    Quint. 3, 11, 1; cf. id. ib. § 18 sqq.— Adv.: contĭnen-ter.
    1.
    (Acc. to A. 2.)
    a.
    In space, in unbroken succession, in a row. continenter sedetis, Cat. 37, 6.—More freq. and class.,
    b.
    In time, continuously, without interruption:

    totā nocte ierunt,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 26:

    jam amplius horis sex pugnaretur,

    id. ib. 3, 5:

    biduum lapidibus pluit,

    Liv. 25, 7, 7:

    usque ad ipsum negotium,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 26, 37:

    ferri imagines,

    id. N. D. 1, 39, 109.—
    2.
    (Acc. to B.) Temperately, moderately (rare):

    vivere,

    Cic. Off. 1, 30, 106; in sup.:

    vivere,

    Aug. Ep. 199; id. Conf. 6, 12.—Hence also,
    2.
    contentus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I. B. 2. b.); medial., satisfying one's self with, contented, satisfied, content (freq. in all periods and species of composition); constr. in gen. with the abl.; more rarely absol.; after the Aug. per. very freq. with the inf.
    (α).
    With abl.: his versibus, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 264, 3:

    suis rebus,

    Cic. Par. 6, 3, 51:

    paucis,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 16:

    illā (sorte),

    id. ib. 1, 1, 3:

    viverem uti contentus eo quod mī ipse parasset,

    id. ib. 1, 4, 108; cf. Suet. Aug. 82:

    solā Dianā,

    Verg. A. 11, 582.—
    (β).
    Absol.:

    cum ipsum audires sine comparatione, non modo contentus esses, sed melius non quaereres,

    Cic. Brut. 35, 134; so comp., Plaut. Poen. 2, 15.—
    (γ).
    With inf.:

    indagare,

    Ov. M. 1, 461:

    edidicisse,

    id. ib. 2, 638:

    retinere titulum provinciae,

    Vell. 2, 49:

    hostes sustinuisse,

    id. 2, 112:

    indicare,

    Quint. 4, 2, 128:

    ostendere,

    id. 5, 10, 31:

    id consequi, quod imiteris,

    id. 10, 2, 7 et saep.— Adv.: contentē (ante-and post-class., and rare), in a restrained manner, closely:

    arte contenteque habere aliquem,

    Plaut. As. 1, 1, 63:

    parce contenteque vivere,

    Pacat. Pan. Theod. 13.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > contineo

  • 5 sisto

    sisto, stĭti (Charis. p. 220, and Diom. p. 369, give steti for both sisto and sto, confining stiti to the compounds of both. But steti, as perfect of sisto, is late jurid. Lat., and perh. dub.;

    for steterant,

    Verg. A. 3, 110;

    steterint,

    id. ib. 3, 403; Liv. 8, 32, 12, belong to stare; cf. also Gell. 2, 14, 1 sqq.; and v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 461 sq.), stătum [root stă, strengthened by reduplication; cf. histêmi], used in two general senses, I. To cause to stand, place, = colloco, pono; II. To stand, be placed, = sto.
    I.
    Sistere, in gen., = collocare (in class. prose only in the partic. uses, v. A. 4. C. and D., infra).
    A.
    Causative, with acc.
    1.
    To place = facere ut stet; constr. with in and abl., with abl. alone, and with ad, super, etc., and acc.:

    O qui me gelidis in vallibus Haemi Sistat,

    Verg. G. 2, 489:

    tertia lux classem Cretaeis sistet in oris,

    id. A. 3, 117 (classis stat;

    v. sto): inque tuo celerem litore siste gradum,

    Ov. H. 13, 102 (cf. infra, III. 2. A.):

    jaculum clamanti (al. clamantis) sistit in ore,

    plants the dart in his face, Verg. A. 10, 323:

    disponit quas in fronte manus, medio quas robore sistat,

    Stat. Th. 7, 393:

    (equum ligneum) sacratā sistimus arā,

    Verg. A. 2, 245:

    aeternis potius me pruinis siste,

    Stat. Th. 4, 395: ut stata (est) lux pelago, as soon as light was set ( shone) on the sea, id. ib. 5, 476:

    victima Sistitur ante aras,

    Ov. M. 15, 132:

    quam (suem) Aeneas ubi... sistit ad aram,

    Verg. A. 8, 85:

    post haec Sistitur crater,

    Ov. M. 8, 669: vestigia in altero (monte) sisti (non posse), that no footprints can be placed ( made) on the other mountain, Plin. 2, 96, 98, § 211:

    cohortes expeditas super caput hostium sistit,

    Tac. H. 3, 77; cf. id. A. 12, 13; Stat. Th. 4, 445; Sil. 4, 612. —
    2.
    To place, as the result of guidance or conveyance; hence, to convey, to send, lead, take, conduct to, = facere ut veniat; constr. with in and abl., with abl. alone, and with advv. of place: officio meo ripā sistetur in illā Haec, will be carried by me to, etc., Ov. M. 9, 109:

    terrā sistēre petitā,

    id. ib. 3, 635:

    (vos) facili jam tramite sistam,

    Verg. A. 6, 676:

    ut eum in Syriā aut Aegypto sisterent orabat,

    to convey him to, Tac. H. 2, 9.—So with hic (= in with abl.) or huc (= in with acc.):

    hic siste patrem,

    Sen. Phoen. 121:

    Annam huc siste sororem,

    Verg. A. 4, 634.—
    3.
    To place an army in order of battle, draw up, = instruere:

    aciem in litore sistit,

    Verg. A. 10, 309; cf.:

    sistere tertiam decimam legionem in ipso aggere jubet,

    Tac. H. 3, 21.—
    4.
    Se sistere = to betake one's self, to present one's self, to come (so twice in Cicero's letters):

    des operam, id quod mihi affirmasti, ut te ante Kal. Jan., ubicumque erimus, sistas,

    Cic. Att. 3, 25:

    te vegetum nobis in Graeciā sistas,

    id. ib. 10, 16, 6 (cf. infra, E.):

    hic dea se primum rapido pulcherrima nisu Sistit,

    Verg. A. 11, 853.—
    5.
    With two acc. (cf.: praesto, reddo) = to cause to be in a certain condition, to place, etc.; often with dat. of interest (ante- and post-class., and poet.; cf.

    supra, 4.): ego vos salvos sistam,

    I will place you in safety, see you to a safe place, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 5:

    omnia salva sistentur tibi,

    all will be returned to you in good order, id. ib. 5, 3, 3; so,

    suam rem sibi salvam sistam,

    id. Poen. 5, 2, 123; cf.:

    rectius tacitas tibi res sistam, quam quod dictum est mutae mulieri,

    will keep your secrets, id. ib. 4, 2, 54:

    neque (dotem) incolumem sistere illi, et detraxe autument,

    that you deliver it entire to her, id. Trin. 3, 3, 15:

    cum te reducem aetas prospera sistet,

    Cat. 64, 238: tu modo servitio vacuum me siste (= praesta) superbo, set me free from, Prop. 4, 16 (3, 17), 42:

    tutum patrio te limine sistam,

    will see you safe home, Verg. A. 2, 620:

    praedā onustos triumphantesque mecum domos reduces sistatis,

    Liv. 29, 27, 3 Weissenb. ad loc.:

    Pelasgis siste levem campum,

    Stat. Th. 8, 328:

    modo se isdem in terris victorem sisterent,

    Tac. A. 2, 14:

    operā tuā sistas hunc nobis sanum atque validum,

    give him back to us, safe and sound, Gell. 18, 10, 7: ita mihi salvam ac sospitem rempublicam sistere in suā sede liceat, Aug. ap. Suet. Aug. 28.—
    b.
    Neutr, with double nom., = exsistere, to be, to become: judex extremae sistet vitaeque necisque, he will become a judge, etc., Manil. 4, 548 (dub.):

    tempora quod sistant propriis parentia signis,

    id. 3, 529 (dub.; al. sic stant; cf. infra, II.).—
    B.
    As neuter verb, to stand, rest, be placed, lie ( poet.);

    constr. like sto: ne quis mihi obstiterit obviam, nam qui obstiterit, ore sistet,

    will lie on his face, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 13 Brix ad loc.: (nemo sit) tantā gloriā... quin cadat, quin capite sistat, will be placed or stand on his head, id. Curc. 2, 3, 8:

    ibi crebro, credo, capite sistebant cadi,

    id. Mil. 3, 2, 36 Lorenz (Brix, hoc illi crebro capite):

    ipsum si quicquam posse in se sistere credis,

    to rest upon itself, Lucr. 1, 1057:

    neque posse in terrā sistere terram,

    nor can the earth rest upon itself, id. 2, 603:

    at conlectus aquae... qui lapides inter sistit per strata viarum,

    id. 4, 415:

    incerti quo fata ferant, ubi sistere detur,

    to rest, to stay, Verg. A. 3, 7; cf.:

    quaesitisque diu terris, ubi sistere detur,

    Ov. M. 1, 307. —
    C.
    As jurid. term.
    1.
    In both a causative and neuter sense = to produce in court, or to appear in court after being bound over by the judge or by promise to the adversary (vadimonium); constr. either absol. or with the dat. of the adversary to whom the promise is made (alicui sisti), to appear upon somebody's demand; also, in judicio sisti. The present active is either used reflexively (se sistere = to appear), or with a transitive object (sistere aliquem = to produce in court one in whose behalf the promise has been made). The present passive, sisti, sistendus, sistitur, = to appear or to be produced. The perfect act., stiti, stitisse, rarely the perfect passive, status sum, = to have appeared, I appeared. So in all periods of the language:

    cum autem in jus vocatus fuerit adversarius, ni eo die finitum fuerit negotium, vadimonium ei faciendum est, id est ut promittat se certo die sisti,

    Gai. 4, 184:

    fit ut Alfenus promittat, Naevio sisti Quinctium,

    that Quinctius would be forthcoming upon Naevius's complaint, Cic. Quint. 21, 67; cf. id. ib. 8, 30 (v. infra, B.):

    testificatur, P. Quinctium non stitisse, et se stitisse,

    id. ib. 6, 25:

    quin puellam sistendam promittat (= fore ut puella sistatur in judicio),

    Liv. 3, 45, 3:

    interrogavit quisquam, in quem diem locumque vadimonium promitti juberet, et Scipio manum ad ipsam oppidi, quod obsidebatur, arcem protendens: Perendie sese sistant illo in loco,

    Gell. 7, 1, 10:

    si quis quendam in judicio sisti promiserit, in eādem causā eum debet sistere,

    Dig. 2, 11, 11:

    si servum in eādem causā sistere promiserit, et liber factus sistatur,... non recte sistitur,

    ib. 2, 9, 5:

    sed si statu liberum sisti promissum sit, in eādem causā sisti videtur, quamvis liber sistatur,

    ib. 2, 9, 6:

    cum quis in judicio sisti promiserit, neque adjecerit poenam si status non esset,

    ib. 2, 6, 4:

    si quis in judicio secundum suam promissionem non stitit,

    ib. 2, 11, 2, § 1; cf. ib. 2, 5, 1; 2, 8, 2; 2, 11, 2, § 3.—
    2.
    Vadimonium sistere, to present one's self in court, thus keeping the solemn engagement (vadimonium) made to that effect; lit., to make the vadimonium stand, i. e. effective, opp. deserere vadimonium = not to appear, to forfeit the vadimonium. The phrase does not occur in the jurists of the Pandects, the institution of the vadimonium being abolished by Marcus Aurelius. It is found in the following three places only: quid si vadimonium capite obvoluto stitisses? Cat. ap. Gell. 2, 14, 1: ut Quinctium sisti Alfenus promitteret. Venit Romam Quinctius;

    vadimonium sistit,

    Cic. Quint. 8, 30:

    ut nullum illa stiterit vadimonium sine Attico,

    Nep. Att. 9; Gai. 4, 185; cf. diem sistere under status, P. a. infra.—
    D.
    Transf., out of judicial usage, in gen., = to appear or present one's self, quasi ex vadimonio; constr. absol. or with dat. of the person entitled to demand the appearance:

    ubi tu es qui me vadatus's Veneriis vadimoniis? Sisto ego tibi me, et mihi contra itidem ted ut sistas suadeo (of a lover's appointment),

    Plaut. Curc. 1, 3, 5; so,

    tibi amatorem illum alacrem vadimonio sistam,

    produce, App. M. 9, p. 227, 14:

    nam promisimus carnufici aut talentum magnum, aut hunc hodie sistere,

    Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 73:

    vas factus est alter ejus sistendi, ut si ille non revertisset, moriendum esset sibi,

    Cic. Off. 3, 10, 45. —
    E.
    Fana sistere, acc. to Festus anciently used, either = to place ( secure and fix places for) temples in founding a city, or to place the couches in the lectisternia:

    sistere fana, cum in urbe condendā dicitur, significat loca in oppido futurorum fanorum constituere: quamquam Antistius Labeo, in commentario XV. juris pontificii ait fana sistere esse lectisternia certis locis et diebus habere,

    Fest. p. 267 Lind. To this usage Plaut. perh. alludes:

    apud illas aedis sistendae mihi sunt sycophantiae,

    the place about that house I must make the scene of my tricks, Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 25.—
    F.
    Sistere monumenta, etc., or sistere alone, to erect statues, etc. (= statuere; post-class. and rare;

    mostly in Tac.): ut apud Palatium effigies eorum sisteret,

    Tac. A. 15, 72:

    cum Augustus sibi templum sisti non prohibuisset,

    id. ib. 4 37:

    at Romae tropaea de Parthis arcusque sistebantur,

    id. ib. 15, 18:

    monuere ut... templum iisdem vestigiis sisteretur,

    id. H. 4, 53:

    sistere monumenta,

    Aus. Ep. 24, 55: Ast ego te... Carthaginis arce Marmoreis sistam templis (cf. histanai tina), Sil. 8, 231; v. statuo.
    II.
    Sistere = to cause what is tottering or loose to stand firm, to support or fasten; and neutr., to stand firm.
    A.
    Causative (rare;

    perh. not in class. prose) = stabilire: sucus... mobilis (dentes) sistit,

    Plin. 20, 3, 8, § 15; and trop.: hic (Marcellus) rem Romanam magno turbante tumultu Sistet (cf.: respublica stat;

    v. sto),

    Verg. A. 6, 858; cf.:

    non ita civitatem aegram esse, ut consuetis remediis sisti posset,

    Liv. 3, 20, 8 (where sisti may be impers.; v. infra, III. C.).—
    B.
    Neutr., to stand firm, to last, = stare:

    nec mortale genus, nec divum corpora sancta Exiguom possent horai sistere tempus,

    Lucr. 1, 1016: qui rem publicam sistere negat posse, nisi ad equestrem ordinem judicia referantur, Cotta ap. Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 96, § 223.—
    2.
    Neutr., to stand firm, to resist:

    nec quicquam Teucros Sustentare valet telis, aut sistere contra,

    Verg. A. 11, 873; so with dat. = resistere:

    donec Galba, inruenti turbae neque aetate neque corpore sistens, sella levaretur,

    Tac. H. 1, 35; cf. sisti = resistere, III. B. 1. f. infra.
    III.
    Sistere = to stand still, and to cause to stand still.
    A.
    Neutr. = stare (rare; in Varr., Tac., and the poets).
    a.
    To stand still:

    solstitium dictum est quod sol eo die sistere videatur,

    Varr. L. L. 5, p. 53 (Bip.):

    sistunt amnes,

    Verg. G. 1, 479:

    incurrit, errat, sistit,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 248.—
    b.
    To remain, stop:

    Siste! Quo praeceps ruis?

    Sen. Thyest. 77; id. Oedip. 1050:

    vis tu quidem istum intra locum sistere?

    will you remain in that position? Tac. A. 4, 40.—
    c.
    Trop., to stop, not to go any farther:

    depunge, ubi sistam,

    Pers. 6, 79:

    nec in Hectore tracto sistere,

    to stop at the dragging of Hector, Stat. Achill. 1, 7.—
    d.
    To cease (dub.):

    hactenus sistat nefas' pius est,

    if his crime ceases here, he will be pious, Sen. Thyest. 744 (perh. act., to stop, end).—
    B.
    Causative (not ante-Aug.; freq. in Tac., Plin., and the poets).
    1.
    To arrest, stop, check an advancing motion.
    a.
    With gradum:

    plano sistit uterque gradum,

    arrest their steps, Prop. 5 (4), 10, 36; Verg. A. 6, 465:

    siste properantem gradum,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 772:

    repente sistunt gradum,

    Curt. 4, 6, 14. —With pedem, Ov. R. Am. 80.—
    b.
    With fugam, to stop, stay, check, stem, arrest the flight:

    fugam foedam siste,

    Liv. 1, 12, 5:

    si periculo suo fugam sistere posset,

    id. 30, 12, 1; so Curt. 8, 14, 37; 4, 16, 2; 8, 3, 2; Tac. A. 12, 39.—
    c.
    Of vehicles, horses, etc.:

    esseda siste,

    Prop. 2, 1, 76:

    equos,

    Verg. A. 12, 355:

    quadrijugos,

    Stat. Achill. 2, 429; so id. Th. 5, 364.—
    d.
    With iter, to arrest the advance of an army, to halt:

    exercitus iter sistit,

    Tac. H. 3, 50.—
    e.
    With bellum, to halt (cf. infra, D.):

    Aquilejae sisti bellum expectarique Mucianum jubebat,

    Tac. H. 3, [p. 1712] 8.—
    f.
    Of living objects, in gen.
    (α).
    To arrest their course, make them halt:

    aegre coercitam legionem Bedriaci sistit,

    Tac. H. 2, 23:

    festinantia sistens Fata,

    staying the hurrying Fates, Stat. S. 3, 4, 24.—So, se sistere with ab, to desist from:

    non prius se ab effuso cursu sistunt,

    Liv. 6, 29, 3; hence, to arrest by wounding, i. e. to wound or kill:

    aliquem cuspide,

    Sil. 1, 382; 1, 163; so,

    cervum vulnere sistere,

    id. 2, 78.—
    (β).
    To stop a hostile attack of persons, to resist them, ward them off:

    ut non sisterent modo Sabinas legiones, sed in fugam averterent,

    Liv. 1, 37, 3:

    ibi integrae vires sistunt invehentem se jam Samnitem,

    id. 10, 14, 18:

    nec sisti vis hostium poterat,

    Curt. 5, 3, 11:

    nec sisti poterant scandentes,

    Tac. H. 3, 71; 5, 21. —
    g.
    Trop., to stop the advance of prices:

    pretia augeri in dies, nec mediocribus remediis sisti posse,

    Tac. A. 3, 52.—
    2. a.
    Of water:

    sistere aquam fluviis,

    Verg. A. 4, 489:

    amnis, siste parumper aquas,

    Ov. Am. 3, 6, 2:

    quae concita flumina sistunt,

    id. M. 7, 154:

    sistito infestum mare,

    calm, Sen. Agam. 523; cf. Ov. M. 7, 200; id. H. 6, 87; Plin. 28, 8, 29, § 118.—
    b.
    Of blood and secretions:

    (ea) quibus sistitur sanguis parari jubet,

    Tac. A. 15, 54:

    sanguinem,

    Plin. 20, 7, 25, § 59; 28, 18, 73, § 239; 27, 4, 5, § 18:

    haemorrhoidum abundantiam,

    id. 27, 4, 5, § 19:

    fluctiones,

    id. 20, 8, 27, § 71, 34, 10, 23, § 105; 35, 17, 57, § 195:

    nomas,

    id. 30, 13, 39, § 116; 24, 16, 94, § 151:

    mensis,

    id. 23, 6, 60, § 112:

    vomitiones,

    id. 20, 20, 81, § 213:

    alvum bubus,

    id. 18, 16, 42, § 143:

    alvum,

    stop the bowels, id. 23, 6, 60, § 113; 22, 25, 59, § 126; 20, 5, 18, § 37:

    ventrem,

    id. 20, 23, 96, § 256; Mart. 13, 116.—
    3.
    To arrest the motion of life, make rigid:

    ille oculos sistit,

    Stat. Th. 2, 539.—
    4.
    To end, put an end to (= finem facere alicui rei); pass., to cease:

    querelas,

    Ov. M. 7, 711:

    fletus,

    id. ib. 14, 835:

    lacrimas,

    id. F. 1, 367; 480; 6, 154:

    minas,

    id. Tr. 1, 2, 60:

    opus,

    id. H. 16 (17), 266; id. M. 3, 153:

    labores,

    id. ib. 5, 490:

    furorem,

    Stat. Th. 5, 663:

    furialem impetum,

    Sen. Med. 157; id. Agam. 203:

    pace tamen sisti bellum placet,

    Ov. M. 14, 803:

    antequam summa dies spectacula sistat,

    id. F. 4, 387:

    sitim sistere,

    to allay, id. P. 3, 1, 18:

    nec primo in limine sistit conatus scelerum,

    suppresses, Stat. S. 5, 2, 86:

    ruinas,

    to stop destruction, Plin. Pan. 50, 4:

    ventum,

    to ward off, turn the wind, id. Ep. 2, 17, 17;

    (motus terrae) non ante quadraginta dies sistuntur, = desinunt,

    Plin. 2, 82, 84, § 198.—
    5.
    Sistere with intra = to confine, keep within:

    transgresso jam Alpes Caecina, quem sisti intra Gallias posse speraverant,

    Tac. H. 2, 11:

    dum populatio lucem intra sisteretur,

    provided the raids were confined to day-time, id. A. 4, 48. —
    C.
    Impers. and trop., to arrest or avoid an impending misfortune, or to stand, i. e. to endure; generally in the form sisti non potest (more rarely: sisti potest) = it cannot be endured, a disaster cannot be avoided or met (once in Plaut.; freq. in Liv.; sometimes in Tac.; cf., in gen., Brix ad Plaut. Trin. 720; Drak. ad Liv. 3, 16, 4; Weissenb. ad Liv. 2, 29, 8; Gronov. ad Liv. 4, 12, 6; Beneke ad Just. 11, 1, 6).
    1.
    Without a subject, res or a noun of general import being understood:

    quid ego nunc agam, nisi ut clipeum ad dorsum accommodem, etc.? Non sisti potest,

    it is intolerable, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 94:

    totam plebem aere alieno demersam esse, nec sisti posse nisi omnibus consulatur,

    Liv. 2, 29, 8:

    si domestica seditio adiciatur, sisti non posse,

    the situation will be desperate, id. 45, 19, 3:

    si quem similem priore anno dedissent, non potuisse sisti,

    id. 3, 9, 8:

    vixque concordiā sisti videbatur,

    that the crisis could scarcely be met, even by harmonious action, id. 3, 16, 4:

    qualicunque urbis statu, manente disciplinā militari sisti potuisse,

    these evils were endurable, id. 2, 44, 10: exercitum gravi morbo affectari, nec sisti potuisse ni, etc., it would have ended in disaster, if not, etc., id. 29, 10, 1:

    qui omnes populi si pariter deficiant, sisti nullo modo posse,

    Just. 11, 1, 6 Gronov. ad loc.; cf. Liv. 3, 20, 8 supra, II. A. 1.— Rarely with a subject-clause understood: nec jam sisti poterat, and it was no longer tolerable, i. e. that Nero should disgrace himself, etc., Tac. A. 14, 14.—
    2.
    Rarely with quin, to prevent etc. (pregn., implying also the stopping of something; cf.

    supra, III. B. 1.): neque sisti potuit quin et palatium et domus et cuncta circum haurirentur (igni),

    Tac. A. 15, 39.—Hence, stătus, a, um, P. a., as attribute of nouns, occurs in several conventional phrases, as relics of archaic usage.
    A.
    Status (condictusve) dies cum hoste, in the XII. Tables, = a day of trial fixed by the judge or agreed upon with the adversary;

    esp., a peregrinus (= hostis),

    Cic. Off. 1, 12, 37. It presupposes a phrase, diem sistere, prob.=vadimonium sistere (v. supra, I. C. 2.). Such an appointment was an excuse from the most important public duties, even for soldiers from joining the army, Cinc. ap. Gell. 16, 4, 4.—

    Hence, transf.: si status condictus cum hoste intercedit dies, tamen est eundum quo imperant,

    i. e. under all circumstances we must go, Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 5.—
    B.
    In certain phrases, appointed, fixed, regular (cf. statutus, with which it is often confounded in MSS.):

    status dies: tres in anno statos dies habere quibus, etc.,

    Liv. 39, 13, 8:

    stato loco statisque diebus,

    id. 42, 32, 2; so id. 5, 52, 2; 27, 23 fin.:

    stato lustri die,

    Sen. Troad. 781:

    status sacrificii dies,

    Flor. 1, 3, 16:

    statum tempus, statā vice, etc.: lunae defectio statis temporibus fit,

    Liv. 44, 37 init.; so id. 28, 6, 10:

    stato tempore,

    Tac. A. 12, 13; id. H. 4, 81; Plin. 11, 37, 65, § 173:

    stata tempora (partus),

    Stat. Achill. 2, 673:

    adeo in illā plagā mundus statas vices temporum mutat,

    Curt. 8, 19, 13; so id. 9, 9, 9; 5, 1, 23; so, feriae, etc.: feriae statae appellabantur quod certo statutoque die observarentur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 69 Lind.:

    stata quinquennia,

    Stat. S. 5, 3, 113:

    stata sacra or sacrificia: stata sacrificia sunt quae certis diebus fieri debent,

    Fest. p. 264 Lind.:

    proficiscuntur Aeniam ad statum sacrificium,

    Liv. 40, 4, 9; 23, 35, 3; 5, 46, 2; 39, 13, 8; Cic. Mil. 17, 45:

    solemne et statum sacrificium (al. statutum),

    id. Tusc. 1, 47, 113; so Liv. 23, 35, 3:

    stata sacra,

    Ov. F. 2, 528; Stat. Th. 1, 666:

    stata foedera,

    id. ib. 11, 380:

    status flatus,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 28:

    stati cursus siderum,

    Plin. 18, 29, 69, § 291 (different: statae stellae = fixed stars, Censor. D. N. 8, belonging to II. 2. supra): statae febres, intermittent fevers, returning regularly, Plin. 28, 27, 28, § 107.—
    C.
    Moderate, average, normal:

    inter enim pulcherrimam feminam et deformissimam media forma quaedam est, quae et a nimio pulcritudinis periculo et a summo deformitatis odio vacat, qualis a Q. Ennio perquam eleganti vocabulo stata dicitur...Ennius autem eas fere feminas ait incolumi pudicitia esse quae statā formā forent,

    Gell. 5, 11, 12 -14 (v. Enn. Trag. p. 133 Vahl.).

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sisto

  • 6 teneo

    tĕnĕo, tĕnŭi, tentum, 2 ( perf. subj. tetinerim, Pac. ap. Non. 178, 15:

    tetinerit,

    Att. ib. 178, 12:

    tetinisse,

    Pac. ib. 178, 11; fut. perf. tetinero, acc. to Fest. p. 252 Müll. Another collat. form of the perf. tenivi, acc. to Charis. p. 220 P.; Diom. pp. 363 and 369 ib.), v. a. and n. [root ten-, tan-; Gr. tanumai, teinô; Sanscr. tanomi, to stretch, spread; this root appears in many derived meanings; cf. Lat.: tendo, tenuis, tener, tenor, tenus].
    I.
    Act., to hold, keep, have in the hand, in the mouth, etc.
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    In gen.: Eu. Porrige bracchium, prehende: jam tenes? Cha. Teneo. Eu. Tene, Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 42; cf.

    argentum,

    id. Pers. 3, 3, 9:

    cum pyxidem teneret in manu,

    Cic. Cael. 26, 63;

    for which: aliquid manu,

    Quint. 10, 7, 31; Ov. M. 11, 560; id. A. A. 1, 320; Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 34:

    aliquid dextrā,

    Ov. F. 1, 99:

    digitis,

    id. ib. 2, 102; id. M. 9, 86; 9, 522:

    lacertis,

    id. ib. 2, 100 al.:

    radicem ore,

    Cic. Div. 2, 68, 141:

    cibum ore,

    Phaedr. 1, 4, 6;

    for which: decoctum diu in ore,

    Plin. 25, 13, 105, § 166:

    aliquem in sinu,

    Ov. H. 3, 114;

    for which: aliquem sinu,

    id. ib. 13, 157:

    flabellulum,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 50:

    facem,

    Verg. A. 6, 224:

    telum,

    Liv. 2, 19. — Prov.: manu tenere aliquid, to seize, grasp, or comprehend a thing which is palpable or evident: aliter leges, aliter philosophi tollunt astutias: leges, quātenus manu tenere possunt;

    philosophi, quātenus ratione et intellegentiā,

    Cic. Off. 3, 17, 68; cf.:

    cum res non conjecturā, sed oculis ac manibus teneretur,

    id. Clu. 7, 20. —
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    With the accessory idea of possession, to hold, i. e. to be master of, have in one ' s power, possess, etc. (syn.:

    possideo, habeo): multa hereditatibus, multa emptionibus, multa dotibus tenebantur sine injuriā,

    Cic. Off. 2, 23, 81:

    quae tenuit dives Achaemenes,

    Hor. C. 2, 12, 21:

    Evander qui multis ante tempestatibus tenuerat loca,

    Liv. 1, 5:

    provinciam a praedonibus liberam,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 11, 32:

    colles praesidiis,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 43:

    Formiarum moenia et Lirim,

    Hor. C. 3, 17, 8:

    tenente Caesare terras,

    id. ib. 3, 14, 15:

    rem publicam,

    Cic. Mur. 39, 83; id. Sest. 19, 44:

    summam imperii,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 22:

    equitum centurias,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 16, 3:

    alterum cornu,

    to command, Nep. Pelop. 4, 3:

    provincias aliaque omnia,

    Sall. C. 39, 2: scenam, to have sole possession of. [p. 1854] rule over, Suet. Tit. 7. —

    Of the possession of the object of affection: te tenet,

    Tib. 1, 6, 35; 2, 6, 52; Verg. E. 1, 32; Ov. H. 2, 103 Ruhnk.; 15, 88; id. Am. 3, 7, 3; Phaedr. 2, 2, 4.—In colloq. lang., teneo te, I have you once more, of again seeing the beloved person:

    teneone te, Antiphila, maxime animo exoptata meo?

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 27 Ruhnk.; Sen. Ben. 7, 4; Ov. H. 18, 183; cf.:

    et comitem Aenean juxta natumque tenebat Ingrediens,

    Verg. A. 8, 308.—Also like our I have you (fast, bound, etc.):

    teneo te, inquam, nam ista Academiae est propria sententia,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 48, 148; id. Quint. 20, 63.— Absol.: qui tenent (sc. rem publicam), who are in possession of the State, of public affairs:

    qui tenent, qui potiuntur,

    Cic. Att. 7, 12, 3; 2, 18, 1. —
    b.
    With the accessory idea of firmness, persistence, to hold fast, occupy; to watch, guard, defend; to maintain, retain a thing:

    legio locum non tenuit atque in proximum collem se recepit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 44:

    montes teneri,

    id. B. G. 3, 2:

    haec noctu firmis praesidiis tenebantur,

    id. ib. 7, 69:

    Capitolia celsa tenebat,

    Verg. A. 8, 653:

    quo teneam Protea nodo?

    Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 90:

    te neque intra Claustra tenebo,

    id. C. 3, 11, 44; cf.:

    in manicis et Compedibus saevo te sub custode tenebo,

    id. Ep. 1, 16, 77: laqueis (se) sensit teneri... fugam frustra tentabat;

    at illam Lenta tenet radix exsultantemque coërcet,

    Ov. M. 11, 74 sq.; 1, 535:

    Athenae tuae sempiternam in arce oleam tenere potuerunt,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 1, 2:

    agri qui diu aquam tenent,

    Pall. Apr. 2, 4:

    classem ibi tenebat,

    Liv. 31, 46, 8: secundissimo vento cursum tenere, to hold or keep one ' s course, Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83; cf.:

    vento intermisso cursum non tenuit,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 8; 4, 28; so,

    cursum,

    Cic. Planc. 21, 52; id. Rep. 1, 2, 3 fin.; Quint. 4, 3, 13:

    quo iter,

    Verg. A. 1, 370; Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 10:

    (lunam) fingunt cursus viam sub sole tenere,

    Lucr. 5, 714:

    tenuit tamen vestigia Bucar,

    Liv. 29, 32, 6.—
    c.
    With the accessory idea of reaching the object aimed at, to reach, attain a place:

    montes effuso cursu Sabini petebant et pauci tenuere,

    Liv. 1, 37, 4:

    regionem,

    id. 30, 25, 11:

    Tenum,

    id. 36, 21, 1:

    terram,

    id. 37, 16, 4; 37, 11, 5; 37, 13, 4;

    26, 29, 4: Hesperiam,

    Ov. F. 1, 498:

    portus,

    id. H. 18, 198; Tac. Agr. 38 fin.:

    cum quibus (navibus) Cythnum insulam tenuit,

    id. H. 2, 9.—
    d.
    With the accessory idea of movement impeded, to hold fast, hold back, hinder, restrain, detain, check, control, stay, etc.:

    naves, quae vento tenebantur,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 22:

    quid hic agatur, scire poteris ex eo, qui litteras attulit, quem diutius tenui, quia, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 11, 3, 1:

    si id te non tenet, advola,

    id. Fam. 16, 19:

    septimum jam diem Corcyrae tenebamur,

    id. ib. 16, 7 init.:

    Marcellum ab gerundis rebus valetudo adversa Nolae tenuit,

    Liv. 24, 20, 7:

    non tenebo te pluribus,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 16, 3; cf. absol.:

    ne diutius teneam,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 13, § 34: solutum (corpus) tenere, Cels. praef. med.; cf.

    ventrem,

    id. 4, 19 med.:

    tene linguam,

    Ov. F. 2, 602:

    pecus omne tenendum,

    Verg. G. 2, 371:

    vix a te videor posse tenere manus,

    Ov. Am. 1, 4, 10; so,

    manus,

    id. M. 13, 203; cf.:

    manum stomachumque teneto,

    Hor. S. 2, 7, 44:

    saeva tene cum Berecyntio Cornu tympana,

    id. C. 1, 18, 13:

    et Phoebi tenuere viam,

    i. e. impeded, closed up, Luc. 5, 136:

    quo me decet usque teneri?

    Verg. A. 5, 384:

    lacrimas,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 39; so,

    lacrimas in morte miserā non tenebamus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 67, § 172:

    dictator exercitum in stativis tenebat,

    Liv. 6, 14, 1. —
    (β).
    Esp.: se tenere, to keep back, remain, stay:

    Sabinus castris sese tenebat,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 17; 1, 40; Liv. 2, 45, 2:

    nullā clade acceptā castris se pavidus tenebat,

    id. 3, 26, 3:

    Hasdrubal procul ab hoste intervallo tenebat se,

    id. 23, 26, 2:

    se domi a conventu remotum tenere,

    Nep. Dion, 9, 1:

    ego tamen teneo ab accusando vix me hercule: sed tamen teneo,

    restrain myself, refrain, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 2, 2:

    nec se tenuit, quin, etc.,

    id. Ac. 2, 4, 12; cf.

    mid.: teneri non potui, quin tibi apertius illud idem his litteris declararem,

    id. Att. 15, 14, 2; Just. 6, 7, 10; cf.:

    se intra silentium tenuit,

    Plin. Ep. 4, 17, 8:

    multum me intra silentium tenui,

    id. ib. 7, 6, 6.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    In gen., to hold, contain in the mind, to conceive, comprehend, know (syn.:

    percipio, intellego): nunc ego teneo, nunc scio, Quid sit hoc negotii,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 39: tenes Quorsum haec tendant quae loquor, id. Ps. 1, 2, 81:

    tenes, quid dicam?

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 22:

    teneo,

    I understand, id. And. 1, 1, 59:

    teneo quid erret,

    id. 3, 2, 18; Cic. Rep. 1, 23, 37; cf.: quibus capiatur Caesar, tenes, Caecin. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 5:

    quae a Romanis auguribus ignorantur, a Cilicibus... Lyciis tenentur,

    Cic. Div. 1, 15, 25:

    quoniam ea, quae tenebatis ipsi, etiam ex me audire voluistis,

    id. Rep. 1, 46, 70:

    alicujus reconditos sensus,

    id. Sest. 10, 22:

    quo pacto cuncta tenerem,

    Hor. S. 2, 4, 8:

    et teneo melius ista,

    Mart. 4, 37, 7.—With inf.:

    nullus frugi esse homo potest, nisi qui et bene facere et male tenet,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 10; Lucr. 3, 647.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    To have possession of, have the mastery of, to control any thing:

    cum rem publicam opes paucorum non virtutes tenere coeperunt,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 34, 51.—
    b.
    To hold fast, guard, preserve, uphold, keep, insist (syn. servo):

    sin consuetudinem meam, quam in re publicā semper habui, tenuero,

    Cic. Phil. 1, 11, 27:

    ordinem,

    id. ib. 5, 13, 35:

    portum,

    id. Fam. 1, 9, 21:

    statum,

    id. Rep. 1, 28, 44:

    non tenebat ornatum suum civitas,

    id. ib. 1, 27, 43:

    si jus suum populi teneant,

    id. ib. 1, 32, 48:

    nec diutius umquam tenetur idem rei publicae modus,

    id. ib. 1, 44, 68:

    est boni viri, haec duo tenere in amicitiā, etc.,

    id. Lael. 18, 65:

    morem,

    id. Off. 3, 10, 44; so id. Fl. 7, 15; Verg. A. 3, 408:

    foedus,

    Cic. Balb. 15, 34:

    tenebat non modo auctoritatem, sed etiam imperium in suos,

    id. Sen. 11, 37:

    silentium,

    Liv. 1, 28, 8.—
    c.
    To hold fast, maintain, support, defend, uphold, insist:

    illud arcte tenent accurateque defendunt, voluptatem esse summum bonum,

    hold fast, maintain, Cic. Par. 1, 3, 14; cf.:

    illud, quod multos annos tenuisset,

    id. Ac. 2, 22, 71; and:

    quod idem Peripatetici non tenent,

    id. Fin. 3, 13, 44:

    propositum tenere,

    to maintain, Caes. B. C. 3, 42, 1:

    suas leges,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 4, 13:

    causam apud centumviros,

    id. Caecin. 24, 67:

    quo causae teste tenentur,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 43:

    locum quendam cum aliquo,

    Cic. Brut. 21, 81.— With ne:

    plebs tenuit, ne consules in proximum annum crearentur,

    Liv. 4, 30, 16:

    ne quid ferretur ad populum, patres tenuere,

    id. 3, 29, 8; 24, 19, 7. — With ut:

    tenuere patres, ut Fabius consul crearetur,

    Liv. 2, 42, 2 Weissenb. ad loc.:

    scripseram tenuisse Varenum ut sibi evocare testes liceret,

    Plin. Ep. 6, 5, 1.—
    d.
    Of memory:

    alicujus memoriam cum summā benevolentiā tenere,

    to recollect, preserve a recollection of, Cic. Fam. 6, 2, 1.—Esp.:

    memoriā tenere: memoriā tenetis, compluris in Capitolio res de caelo esse percussas,

    you remember, Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 19; id. Fam. 1, 9, 12; Caes. B. G. 1, 14; cf.:

    memoriā teneo, C. Sulpicium Gallum, etc.,

    id. Rep. 1, 14, 21; v. memoria; so without memoria, to bear in mind, remember, recollect:

    satin' haec meministi et tenes?

    Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 1:

    numeros memini, si verba tenerem,

    Verg. E. 9, 45:

    dicta tenere,

    Hor. A. P. 336; id. S. 2, 4, 8:

    quem (Cyrum) omnia militum tenuisse creditum est nomina,

    Quint. 11, 2, 50; 11, 2, 45.—
    e.
    To reach an object striven after, to gain, acquire, obtain, attain (syn. assequor):

    per cursum rectum regnum tenere,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 17, 44:

    Servium Tullium post hunc captivā natum, ingenio virtute regnum tenuisse,

    Liv. 4, 3, 12:

    teneri res aliter non potest,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 1, 3:

    multa tenuisse,

    Liv. 42, 11, 8:

    causam,

    Ov. M. 13, 190.—
    f.
    To hold, hold back, repress, restrain, bind, fetter, etc. (syn.:

    refreno, retineo): iracundiam teneat, avaritiam coërceat,

    Cic. Par. 5, 1, 33:

    dolorem,

    id. Att. 12, 38, 2:

    cupiditates,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 3:

    somnum,

    id. Brut. 80, 278:

    risum,

    id. Vatin. 8, 20; Hor. A. P. 5:

    iram,

    Curt. 4, 2, 5:

    ea, quae occurrant, tenere,

    to hold back, keep to themselves, Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 221.—
    g.
    Of laws, etc., to bind, hold, obligate, be binding on, control, etc.:

    quamquam leges eum non tenent,

    Cic. Phil. 11, 5, 11; cf.:

    interdicto non teneri,

    id. Caecin. 14, 41:

    voto quodam et promisso teneri,

    id. Att. 12, 18, 1:

    ut plebi scita omnes Quirites tenerent,

    Liv. 8, 12, 14; cf.:

    olim patricii dicebant se plebi scitis non teneri,

    Gai. Inst. 1, 3:

    cum velut in controverso jure esset, tenerenturne patres plebi scitis, legem tulere, ut quod tributim plebis jussisset, populum teneret,

    Liv. 3, 55, 3:

    teneri alienis foederibus,

    id. 24, 29, 11: poenā teneri, to be subject or liable to, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 5:

    testibus in re perspicuā teneri,

    to be convicted, id. Caecin. 2, 4; cf.: nemo ita in manifesto peccatu tenebatur, ut, etc., id. Verr. 2, 2, 78, § 191:

    caedis teneri,

    Quint. 5, 14, 11:

    teneri repetundarum,

    Tac. A. 11, 7 fin.:

    furti,

    Dig. 6, 1, 4:

    injuriarum,

    ib. 47, 10, 11:

    mandati,

    ib. 17, 1, 10.— Transf.:

    nisi illi ipsi, qui eas (libidines) frangere deberent, cupiditatis ejusdem tenerentur,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 13, 31 Mos. and Orell. N. cr. —
    h.
    Of dispositions, desires, etc., to possess, occupy, control:

    quae te tanta pravitas mentis tenuerit, ut, etc.,

    has had possession of you, Cic. Vatin. 6, 14:

    summum me eorum (librorum) studium tenet,

    id. Att. 1, 11, 3:

    magna me spes tenet,

    id. Tusc. 1, 41, 97:

    de triumpho nulla me cupiditas umquam tenuit,

    id. Att. 7, 2, 6:

    si consilio pulso libidines iracundiaeve tenerent omnia,

    id. Rep. 1, 38, 60:

    nisi forte quem inhonesta et perniciosa libido tenet,

    Sall. J. 3, 4: neque irā neque gratiā teneri, to be controlled or influenced, Cic. N. D. 1, 17, 45; so,

    teneri desiderio,

    id. Sen. 10, 33:

    studio philosophiae,

    id. Ac. 1, 2, 4:

    magno amore,

    Verg. A. 1, 675:

    pompā, ludis atque ejusmodi spectaculis teneri,

    to be enchained, fascinated, Cic. Fin. 5, 18, 48; cf.:

    ut oculi picturā teneantur, aures cantibus,

    id. Ac. 2, 7, 20:

    is qui audit, ab oratore jam obsessus est ac tenetur,

    id. Or. 62, 210.—With ne, Ov. M. 7, 146. —
    k.
    To take in, comprise, comprehend, include:

    haec magnos formula reges, Excepto sapiente, tenet,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 46.—More freq. pass.: teneri aliquā re, to be contained, comprised, grounded, to consist in a thing:

    ut homines deorum agnatione et gente teneantur,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 23:

    id quod (genus officiorum) teneatur hominum societate,

    id. Off. 1, 45, 160:

    quae (causae) familiaritate et consuetudine tenentur,

    id. Fam. 13, 29, 1:

    dixi jam antea, ipsam rationem arandi spe magis et jucunditate quadam quam fructu atque emolumento teneri,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 98, § 227.
    II.
    Neutr. (freq. after the Aug. per.; perh. not in Cic.).
    A.
    Lit.
    1.
    To hold a position anywhere, maintain one ' s self:

    quā abscisae rupes erant, statio paucorum armatorum tenebat,

    Liv. 32, 5, 12:

    duo extra ordinem milia tenuere,

    id. 3, 62, 7:

    tenent Danai, quā deficit ignis,

    Verg. A. 2, 505.—
    2.
    For cursum tenere, to hold or take one ' s way, to sail, steer in any direction:

    Aeneam... ab Siciliā classe ad Laurentem agrum tenuisse,

    Liv. 1, 1, 4:

    Cassandream petentes, primo ad Mendin tenuere,

    Liv. 31, 45, 14:

    ad Mendaeum,

    id. 21, 49, 2:

    Diam,

    Ov. M. 3, 690:

    Creten,

    id. ib. 13, 706:

    Hesperiam,

    id. F. 1, 498:

    Ausoniam,

    id. ib. 4, 290 al.:

    medio tutissimus ibis... Inter utrumque tene,

    Ov. M. 2, 140.—
    B.
    Trop., with the accessory idea of continuance (cf. I. A. 2. b. and B. 2. b. supra), to hold out, hold on, last, endure, continue, maintain itself, prevail, etc. (cf. obtineo):

    imber per noctem totam tenuit,

    Liv. 23, 44, 6; cf.:

    incendium per duas noctes ac diem unum tenuit,

    id. 24, 47, 15:

    per aliquot dies ea consultatio tenuit,

    id. 2, 3, 5; 3, 47, 6:

    tenet fama, lupam, etc.,

    id. 1, 4, 6:

    quod nunc quoque tenet nomen,

    id. 1, 17, 6:

    fama tenuit, haud plus fuisse modio,

    id. 23, 12, 2; 21, 46, 10:

    tenuit consuetudo, quae cottidie magis invalescit, ut, etc.,

    Quint. 2, 1, 1 Spald.; so,

    consuetudo, ut, etc.,

    id. 8, 5, 2:

    nomen illud tenet,

    id. 9, 4, 47 Spald.; cf. Ov. M. 1, 712.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > teneo

  • 7 Liber

    1.
    līber, ĕra, ĕrum (old form, loebesum et loebertatem antiqui dicebant liberum et libertatem. Ita Graeci loibên et leibein, Paul. ex Fest. p. 121 Müll.; cf. 2. Liber), adj. [Gr. root liph-, liptô, to desire; cf. Sanscr. lub-dhas, desirous; Lat. libet, libido], that acts according to his own will and pleasure, is his own master; free, unrestricted, unrestrained, unimpeded, unshackled; independent, frank, open, bold (opp. servus, servilis).
    I.
    In gen.; constr. absol., with ab, the abl., and poet. also with gen.
    (α).
    Absol.:

    dictum est ab eruditissimis viris, nisi sapientem liberum esse neminem. Quid est enim libertas? Potestas vivendi ut velis,

    Cic. Par. 5, 1, 33:

    an ille mihi liber, cui mulier imperat, cui leges imponit, praescribit, jubet, vetat? etc.,

    id. ib. 5, 2, 36:

    ad scribendi licentiam liber,

    id. N. D. 1, 44, 123:

    agri immunes ac liberi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 166:

    integro animo ac libero causam defendere,

    unprejudiced, unbiased, id. Sull. 31, 86:

    liberi ad causas solutique veniebant,

    not under obligations, not bribed, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78 § 192; cf.:

    libera lingua,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 9:

    cor liberum,

    id. Ep. 1, 2, 43:

    vocem liberam mittere adversus aliquem,

    Liv. 35, 32, 6:

    libera verba animi proferre,

    Juv. 4, 90: judicium [p. 1057] audientium relinquere integrum ac liberum, Cic. Div. 2, 72, 150:

    aliquid respuere ingenuo liberoque fastidio,

    id. Brut. 67, 236:

    libero tempore, cum soluta nobis est eligendi optio,

    id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:

    tibi uni vexatio direptioque sociorum impunita fuit ac libera,

    id. Cat. 1, 7, 18:

    pars quaestionum vaga et libera et late patens,

    id. de Or. 2, 16, 67:

    liberum arbitrium eis populo Romano permittente,

    Liv. 31, 11 fin.; cf. id. 37, 1, 5:

    mandata,

    full powers, unlimited authority, id. 37, 56; 38, 8:

    fenus,

    unlimited, id. 35, 7: custodia, free custody (i. e. confinement to a house or to a town), id. 24, 45; Vell. 1, 11, 1;

    v. custodia, II.: legatio, v. legatio: suffragia,

    the right of voting freely, Juv. 8, 211:

    locus,

    free from intruders, undisturbed, secure, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 49; 3, 2, 25; id. Cas. 3, 2, 4: aedes, a free house, free dwelling (assigned to the use of ambassadors of friendly nations during their stay in Rome), Liv. 30, 17 fin.; 35, 23; 42, 6:

    lectulus,

    i. e. not shared with a wife, Cic. Att. 14, 13, 5: toga ( poet. for virilis toga), a man's (prop. of one who is his own master), Ov. F. 3, 771:

    vestis,

    id. ib. 3, 777:

    libera omnia sibi servare,

    to reserve to one's self full liberty, Plin. Ep. 1, 5.— Comp.:

    hoc liberiores et solutiores sumus, quod, etc.,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 3, 8:

    est finitimus oratori poëta, numeris astrictior paulo, verborum licentia liberior,

    id. de Or. 1, 16, 70:

    liberiores litterae,

    id. Att. 1, 13, 1:

    amicitia remissior esse debet et liberior et dulcior,

    freer, more unrestrained, more cheerful, id. Lael. 18 fin.:

    paulo liberior sententia,

    Quint. 4, 2, 121:

    liberior in utramque partem disputatio,

    id. 7, 2, 14:

    fusiores liberioresque numeri,

    id. 9, 4, 130:

    officia liberiora plenioraque,

    id. 6, 1, 9:

    (flumina) campo recepta Liberioris aquae,

    freer, less impeded, Ov. M. 1, 41; cf.:

    (Tiberinus) campo liberiore natat,

    freer, opener, id. F. 4, 292:

    liberiore frui caelo,

    freer, opener, id. M. 15, 301.— Sup.:

    liberrimum hominum genus, comici veteres tradunt, etc.,

    the frankest, most free-spoken, Quint. 12, 2, 22; cf.:

    liberrime Lolli,

    most frank, most ingenuous, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 1:

    indignatio,

    id. Epod. 4, 10.—
    (β).
    Free or exempt from, void of; with ab:

    Mamertini vacui, expertes, soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23; cf.:

    (consul) solutus a cupiditatibus, liber a delictis,

    id. Agr. 1, 9, 27:

    ab observando homine perverso liber,

    id. Att. 1, 13, 2:

    liber a tali irrisione Socrates, liber Aristo Chius,

    id. Ac. 2, 39, 123:

    ab omni animi perturbatione liber,

    id. Off. 1, 20, 67; id. N. D. 2, 21, 55:

    loca abdita et ab arbitris libera,

    id. Att. 15, 16, B:

    libera a ferro crura,

    Ov. P. 1, 6, 32:

    animus liber a partibus rei publicae,

    Sall. C. 4.—
    (γ).
    With abl.:

    animus omni liber curā et angore,

    free from, without, Cic. Fin. 1, 15:

    animus religione,

    Liv. 2, 36:

    animus cogitationibus aliis,

    Quint. 11, 2, 35:

    mens omnibus vitiis,

    id. 12, 1, 4; cf.:

    liberis odio et gratia mentibus,

    id. 5, 11, 37:

    omni liber metu,

    Liv. 7, 34:

    liber invidia,

    Quint. 12, 11, 7:

    equus carcere,

    Ov. Am. 2, 9, 20.—
    (δ).
    With gen. ( poet.):

    liber laborum,

    Hor. A. P. 212:

    fati gens Lydia,

    Verg. A. 10, 154:

    curarum,

    Luc. 4, 384. — Comp.:

    liberior campi,

    having a wider space, Stat. S. 4, 2, 24.—
    (ε).
    Liberum est, with subject-clause:

    quam (opinionem) sequi magis probantibus liberum est,

    it is free, permitted, allowable, Quint. 6, 3, 112; Plin. Ep. 1, 8:

    dies eligere certos liberum erat,

    Plin. 30, 2, 6, § 16.—So in abl. absol.:

    libero, quid firmaret mutaretve,

    Tac. A. 3, 60.
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    Free, in a social point of view, not a slave (opp. servus;

    also to ingenuus): neque vendendam censes quae libera est,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 40; cf. id. ib. v. 28:

    dis habeo gratiam quom aliquot affuerunt liberae, because slaves were not permitted to testify,

    id. And. 4, 4, 32; opp. ingenuus, free-born:

    quid ea? ingenuan' an festucā facta e servā liberast?

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 14:

    in jure civili, qui est matre liberā, liber est,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 45; id. Caecin. 36, 96:

    si neque censu, neque vindictā, nec testamento liber factus est (servus), non est liber,

    id. Top. 2, 10:

    quae (assentatio) non modo amico, sed ne libero quidem digna est,

    of a freeman, id. Lael. 24, 89; Quint. 11, 1, 43:

    liberorum hominum alii ingenui sunt, alii libertini,

    Gai. Inst. 1, 10; cf. sqq.: ex ancilla et libero jure gentium servus nascitur, id. ib. 1, 82; cf. § 85; Paul. Sent. 2, 24, 1 sqq.—
    B.
    Free, in a political point of view;

    said both of a people not under monarchical rule and of one not in subjection to another people,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 32, 48; cf.:

    ut ex nimia potentia principum oritur interitus principum, sic hunc nimis liberum populum libertas ipsa servitute afficit,

    id. ib. 1, 44, 68:

    liber populus,

    id. ib. 3, 34, 46:

    (Demaratus) vir liber ac fortis,

    democratic, republican, fond of liberty, id. ib. 2, 19, 34:

    civitates liberae atque immunes,

    free from service, Liv. 37, 55:

    provinciae civitatesque liberae,

    Suet. Vesp. 8:

    libera ac foederata oppida,

    id. Calig. 3:

    Roma patrem patriae Ciceronem libera dixit,

    Juv. 8, 244.—
    C.
    In a bad sense, esp. with reference to sensual pleasure, unbridled, unchecked, unrestrained, licentious:

    quam liber harum rerum multarum siet (Juppiter),

    Plaut. Am. prol. 105:

    adulescens imprudens et liber,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 40; cf.:

    sit adulescentia liberior,

    somewhat freer, Cic. Cael. 18, 42:

    amores soluti et liberi,

    id. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

    consuetudo peccandi,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 76, § 177.—Hence, adv.: lībĕrē, freely, unrestrictedly, without let or hinderance; frankly, openly, boldly:

    qui nihil dicit, nihil facit, nihil cogitat denique, nisi libenter ac libere,

    Cic. Par. 5, 1, 34:

    animus somno relaxatus solute movetur et libere,

    id. Div. 2, 48, 100:

    respirare,

    id. Quint. 11, 39:

    constanter et libere (me gessi),

    id. Att. 4, 16, 9:

    consilium dare,

    id. Lael. 13, 44:

    aliquid magis accusatorie quam libere dixisse,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 72, § 176:

    omnia libere fingimus et impune,

    Quint. 6, 1, 43:

    ut ingredi libere (oratio), non ut licenter videatur errare,

    Cic. Or. 23, 77.— Comp.:

    liberius vivendi fuit potestas,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 23:

    loqui,

    Cic. Planc. 13, 33:

    fortius liberiusque defendere,

    Quint. 12, 1, 21:

    liberius si Dixero quid,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 103:

    maledicere,

    id. ib. 2, 8, 37:

    longius et liberius exseritur digitus,

    Quint. 11, 3, 92; cf. id. 11, 3, 97:

    ipsaque tellus Omnia liberius, nullo poscente, ferebat,

    freely, of itself, spontaneously, Verg. G. 1, 127.
    2.
    līber, ĕri ( gen. plur. liberūm, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 9; Turp. ap. Non. 495, 26; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40; 2, 1, 30, § 77; Tac. A. 2, 38; 3, 25 saep.; cf. Cic. Or. 46, 155;

    but also: liberorum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 76; 2, 5, 42, § 109), m. [1. liber], a child.
    I.
    Sing. (post-class. and rare):

    si quis maximam portionem libero relinquat,

    Cod. Just. 3, 28, 33; 5, 9, 8 fin.; Quint. Decl. 2, 8.—
    II.
    Plur., children (freq.; but in class. Lat. only of children with reference to their parents: pueri = children in general, as younger than adulescentes; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 657 sq.).
    A.
    Lit.: liberorum genus, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155 (Trag. v. 347 Vahl.): liberorum sibi quaesendum gratia, id. ap. Fest. p. 258 Müll. (Trag. v. 161 Vahl.):

    cum conjugibus et liberis,

    Cic. Att. 8, 2, 3:

    eum ex C. Fadii filiā liberos habuisse,

    id. ib. 16, 11, 1:

    liberos procreare,

    id. Tusc. 5, 37, 109:

    suscipere liberos,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 161:

    per liberos te precor,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 5:

    dulces,

    id. ib. 2, 40:

    parvuli,

    Quint. 2, 15, 8;

    opp. parentes,

    id. 11, 1, 82; 3, 7, 18; 26; 6, 1, 18; 6, 5 al.: mater quae liberos, quasi oculos (amisit), orba est, Sulp. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 182 Müll.: jus trium liberorum, under the emperors, a privilege enjoyed by those who had three legitimate children (it consisted in the permission to fill a public office before one's twenty-fifth year, and in freedom from personal burdens); this privilege was sometimes also bestowed on those who had fewer than three children, or even none at all; also of one child:

    non est sine liberis, cui vel unus filius unave filia est,

    Dig. 50, 16, 148; Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 6; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 15; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 99; id. And. 5, 3, 20; Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 2; id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; id. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40; ib. 30, § 76 Zumpt; cf. also Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5:

    neque ejus legendam filiam (virginem Vestalem)... qui liberos tres haberet,

    Gell. 1, 12, 8:

    uxores duxerant, ex quibus plerique liberos habebant,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 110, 2.—Of grandchildren and great-grandchildren:

    liberorum appellatione nepotes et pronepotes ceterique qui ex his descendunt, continentur,

    Dig. 50, 16, 220; cf.:

    liberi usque ad trinepotem, ultra hos posteriores vocantur,

    ib. 38, 10, 10, § 7:

    habitus sis in liberum loco,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40.—
    2.
    Esp.
    (α).
    Of sons (opp. daughters):

    procreavit liberos septem totidemque filias,

    Hyg. Fab. 9.—
    (β).
    Of children in gen. = pueri:

    praecepta Chrysippi de liberorum educatione,

    Quint. 1, 11, 17; cf.: Catus aut de liberis educandis, the title of a book by Varro, v. Gell. 4, 19, 2; Macr. S. 3, 6, 5.—
    B.
    Transf., of animals, young:

    liberis orbas oves,

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 38.—Comically:

    quaerunt litterae hae sibi liberos: alia aliam scandit,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 23.
    3.
    Līber, ĕri (Sabine collat. form, loebasius, acc. to Serv. Verg. G. 1, 7; cf. 1. liber, and libertas init.), m. [Gr. leibô, to pour; loibê, a drink - offering; Lat. libare], an old Italian deity, who presided over planting and fructification; afterwards identified with the Greek Bacchus:

    hunc dico Liberum Semelā natum, non eum, quem nostri majores auguste sancteque Liberum cum Cerere et Libera consecraverunt. Sed quod ex nobis natos liberos appellamus, idcirco Cerere nati nominati sunt Liber et Libera: quod in Libera servant, in Libero non item,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 24, 62; cf. Serv. Verg. G. 1, 5; Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19:

    tertio (invocabo) Cererem et Liberum, quod horum fructus maxime necessarii ad victum: ab his enim cibus et potio venit e fundo,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 1, 5:

    Liber et alma Ceres,

    Verg. G. 1, 7:

    ex aede Liberi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 128;

    in a pun with 1. liber,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 46; cf. id. Curc. 1, 2, 21; id. Stich. 5, 4, 17; so in a pun with liber, free:

    quiaque adeo me complevi flore Liberi, Magis libera uti lingua collibitum est mihi,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 8; cf.:

    salve, anime mi, lepos Liberi, ut veteris ego sum cupida, etc.,

    id. Curc. 1, 2, 3.— Connected with pater:

    sic factum, ut Libero patri repertori vitis hirci immolarentur,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 19:

    Romulus et Liber pater,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 5:

    per vestigia Liberi patris,

    Plin. 4, 10, 17, § 39:

    patre favente Libero fetis palmitibus,

    Col. 3, 21, 3:

    Libero patri in monte res divina celebratur,

    Macr. S. 1, 18, 4.—
    B.
    Meton., wine:

    illud, quod erat a deo donatum, nomine ipsius dei nuncupabant: ut cum fruges Cererem appellamus, vinum autem Liberum: ex quo illud Terentii (Eun. 4, 5, 6): sine Cerere et Libero friget Venus,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 60:

    Liberum et Cererem pro vino et pane,

    Quint. 8, 6, 24; cf. also Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 4 supra:

    sed pressum Calibus ducere Liberum Si gestis, etc.,

    Hor. C. 4, 12, 14:

    condita cum verax aperit praecordia Liber,

    id. S. 1, 4, 89.
    4.
    lĭber, bri, m. [Gr. lepein, to peel; lepos, lepis; cf. lobos], the inner bark or rind of a tree.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    obducuntur libro aut cortice trunci,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 120:

    colligatae libris (arundines),

    Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 4:

    udoque docent (germen) inolescere libro,

    Verg. G. 2, 77:

    natam libro et silvestri subere clausam,

    id. A. 11, 554; id. E. 10, 67:

    quam denso fascia libro,

    Juv. 6, 263.—
    B.
    Esp., because the ancients used the bark or rind of trees to write upon; usually the thin rind of the Egyptian papyrus, on which the books of the Greeks and Romans were usually written (v. Dict. of Antiq. p. 587 sq.):

    antea non fuisse chartarum usum. In palmarum foliis primo scriptitatum, dein quarundam arborum libris,

    Plin. 13, 11, 21, § 69.—Hence,
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Paper, parchment, or rolls of any substance used to write upon (cf.:

    charta, membrana): quasi quom in libro scribuntur calamo litterae,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 131.—
    B.
    Most freq. a book, work, treatise:

    Demetrii liber de concordia,

    Cic. Att. 8, 12, 6:

    quas (sententias) hoc libro exposui,

    id. Lael. 1, 3; cf. id. ib. 1, 5:

    dixi in eo libro, quem de rebus rusticis scripsi,

    id. de Sen. 15, 54:

    libros pervolutare,

    id. Att. 5, 12, 2:

    evolvere,

    id. Tusc. 1, 11, 24:

    volvere,

    id. Brut. 87, 298:

    legere,

    id. Fam. 6, 6, 8:

    edere,

    id. Fat. 1, 1:

    libri confectio,

    id. de Sen. 1, 1:

    tempus ad libros vacuum,

    id. Rep. 1, 9, 14:

    cujus (Platonis) in libris,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 16:

    in Graecorum libris,

    id. ib. 2, 11, 21:

    librum, si malus est, nequeo laudare,

    Juv. 3, 41:

    actorum libri,

    the official gazette, id. 9, 84; cf. 2, 136; and v. Dict. Antiq. s. v. Acta.—
    C.
    In partic.
    1.
    A division of a work a look:

    tres libri perfecti sunt de Natura Deorum,

    Cic. Div. 2, 1, 3:

    hi tres libri (de Officiis),

    id. Off. 3, 33, 121:

    sermo in novem libros distributus,

    id. Q. Fr. 3, 5, 1:

    dictum est in libro superiore,

    id. Off. 2, 13, 43 [p. 1058] sicut superiore libro continetur, Quint. 11, 1, 1:

    versus de libro Ennii annali sexto,

    id. 6, 3, 86:

    liber primus, secundus, tertius, etc.,

    id. 8, 1, 2; 10, 2, 20; 11, 1, 4 al. —Sometimes, in this latter case, liber is omitted:

    in T. Livii primo,

    Quint. 9, 2, 37:

    in tertio de Oratore,

    id. 9, 1, 26:

    legi tuum nuper quartum de Finibus,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 32.—
    2.
    In relig. or pub. law lang., a religious book, scriptures; a statute - book, code:

    decemviris adire libros jussis,

    i. e. the Sibylline books, Liv. 34, 55; 21, 62; 25, 12:

    se cum legeret libros, recordatum esse, etc.,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11:

    ut in libris est Etruscorum,

    id. Div. 2, 23, 50; id. Att. 9, 9, 3:

    caerimoniarum,

    rituals, Tac. A. 3, 38.—
    D.
    A list, catalogue, register, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 71, § 167.—
    E.
    A letter, epistle, Nep. Lys. 4, 2; Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 5.—
    F.
    A rescript, decree (post-Aug.):

    liber principis severus et tamen moderatus,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 14, 8.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Liber

  • 8 liber

    1.
    līber, ĕra, ĕrum (old form, loebesum et loebertatem antiqui dicebant liberum et libertatem. Ita Graeci loibên et leibein, Paul. ex Fest. p. 121 Müll.; cf. 2. Liber), adj. [Gr. root liph-, liptô, to desire; cf. Sanscr. lub-dhas, desirous; Lat. libet, libido], that acts according to his own will and pleasure, is his own master; free, unrestricted, unrestrained, unimpeded, unshackled; independent, frank, open, bold (opp. servus, servilis).
    I.
    In gen.; constr. absol., with ab, the abl., and poet. also with gen.
    (α).
    Absol.:

    dictum est ab eruditissimis viris, nisi sapientem liberum esse neminem. Quid est enim libertas? Potestas vivendi ut velis,

    Cic. Par. 5, 1, 33:

    an ille mihi liber, cui mulier imperat, cui leges imponit, praescribit, jubet, vetat? etc.,

    id. ib. 5, 2, 36:

    ad scribendi licentiam liber,

    id. N. D. 1, 44, 123:

    agri immunes ac liberi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 69, § 166:

    integro animo ac libero causam defendere,

    unprejudiced, unbiased, id. Sull. 31, 86:

    liberi ad causas solutique veniebant,

    not under obligations, not bribed, id. Verr. 2, 2, 78 § 192; cf.:

    libera lingua,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 9:

    cor liberum,

    id. Ep. 1, 2, 43:

    vocem liberam mittere adversus aliquem,

    Liv. 35, 32, 6:

    libera verba animi proferre,

    Juv. 4, 90: judicium [p. 1057] audientium relinquere integrum ac liberum, Cic. Div. 2, 72, 150:

    aliquid respuere ingenuo liberoque fastidio,

    id. Brut. 67, 236:

    libero tempore, cum soluta nobis est eligendi optio,

    id. Fin. 1, 10, 33:

    tibi uni vexatio direptioque sociorum impunita fuit ac libera,

    id. Cat. 1, 7, 18:

    pars quaestionum vaga et libera et late patens,

    id. de Or. 2, 16, 67:

    liberum arbitrium eis populo Romano permittente,

    Liv. 31, 11 fin.; cf. id. 37, 1, 5:

    mandata,

    full powers, unlimited authority, id. 37, 56; 38, 8:

    fenus,

    unlimited, id. 35, 7: custodia, free custody (i. e. confinement to a house or to a town), id. 24, 45; Vell. 1, 11, 1;

    v. custodia, II.: legatio, v. legatio: suffragia,

    the right of voting freely, Juv. 8, 211:

    locus,

    free from intruders, undisturbed, secure, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 49; 3, 2, 25; id. Cas. 3, 2, 4: aedes, a free house, free dwelling (assigned to the use of ambassadors of friendly nations during their stay in Rome), Liv. 30, 17 fin.; 35, 23; 42, 6:

    lectulus,

    i. e. not shared with a wife, Cic. Att. 14, 13, 5: toga ( poet. for virilis toga), a man's (prop. of one who is his own master), Ov. F. 3, 771:

    vestis,

    id. ib. 3, 777:

    libera omnia sibi servare,

    to reserve to one's self full liberty, Plin. Ep. 1, 5.— Comp.:

    hoc liberiores et solutiores sumus, quod, etc.,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 3, 8:

    est finitimus oratori poëta, numeris astrictior paulo, verborum licentia liberior,

    id. de Or. 1, 16, 70:

    liberiores litterae,

    id. Att. 1, 13, 1:

    amicitia remissior esse debet et liberior et dulcior,

    freer, more unrestrained, more cheerful, id. Lael. 18 fin.:

    paulo liberior sententia,

    Quint. 4, 2, 121:

    liberior in utramque partem disputatio,

    id. 7, 2, 14:

    fusiores liberioresque numeri,

    id. 9, 4, 130:

    officia liberiora plenioraque,

    id. 6, 1, 9:

    (flumina) campo recepta Liberioris aquae,

    freer, less impeded, Ov. M. 1, 41; cf.:

    (Tiberinus) campo liberiore natat,

    freer, opener, id. F. 4, 292:

    liberiore frui caelo,

    freer, opener, id. M. 15, 301.— Sup.:

    liberrimum hominum genus, comici veteres tradunt, etc.,

    the frankest, most free-spoken, Quint. 12, 2, 22; cf.:

    liberrime Lolli,

    most frank, most ingenuous, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 1:

    indignatio,

    id. Epod. 4, 10.—
    (β).
    Free or exempt from, void of; with ab:

    Mamertini vacui, expertes, soluti ac liberi fuerunt ab omni sumptu, molestia, munere,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 10, § 23; cf.:

    (consul) solutus a cupiditatibus, liber a delictis,

    id. Agr. 1, 9, 27:

    ab observando homine perverso liber,

    id. Att. 1, 13, 2:

    liber a tali irrisione Socrates, liber Aristo Chius,

    id. Ac. 2, 39, 123:

    ab omni animi perturbatione liber,

    id. Off. 1, 20, 67; id. N. D. 2, 21, 55:

    loca abdita et ab arbitris libera,

    id. Att. 15, 16, B:

    libera a ferro crura,

    Ov. P. 1, 6, 32:

    animus liber a partibus rei publicae,

    Sall. C. 4.—
    (γ).
    With abl.:

    animus omni liber curā et angore,

    free from, without, Cic. Fin. 1, 15:

    animus religione,

    Liv. 2, 36:

    animus cogitationibus aliis,

    Quint. 11, 2, 35:

    mens omnibus vitiis,

    id. 12, 1, 4; cf.:

    liberis odio et gratia mentibus,

    id. 5, 11, 37:

    omni liber metu,

    Liv. 7, 34:

    liber invidia,

    Quint. 12, 11, 7:

    equus carcere,

    Ov. Am. 2, 9, 20.—
    (δ).
    With gen. ( poet.):

    liber laborum,

    Hor. A. P. 212:

    fati gens Lydia,

    Verg. A. 10, 154:

    curarum,

    Luc. 4, 384. — Comp.:

    liberior campi,

    having a wider space, Stat. S. 4, 2, 24.—
    (ε).
    Liberum est, with subject-clause:

    quam (opinionem) sequi magis probantibus liberum est,

    it is free, permitted, allowable, Quint. 6, 3, 112; Plin. Ep. 1, 8:

    dies eligere certos liberum erat,

    Plin. 30, 2, 6, § 16.—So in abl. absol.:

    libero, quid firmaret mutaretve,

    Tac. A. 3, 60.
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    Free, in a social point of view, not a slave (opp. servus;

    also to ingenuus): neque vendendam censes quae libera est,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 40; cf. id. ib. v. 28:

    dis habeo gratiam quom aliquot affuerunt liberae, because slaves were not permitted to testify,

    id. And. 4, 4, 32; opp. ingenuus, free-born:

    quid ea? ingenuan' an festucā facta e servā liberast?

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 14:

    in jure civili, qui est matre liberā, liber est,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 45; id. Caecin. 36, 96:

    si neque censu, neque vindictā, nec testamento liber factus est (servus), non est liber,

    id. Top. 2, 10:

    quae (assentatio) non modo amico, sed ne libero quidem digna est,

    of a freeman, id. Lael. 24, 89; Quint. 11, 1, 43:

    liberorum hominum alii ingenui sunt, alii libertini,

    Gai. Inst. 1, 10; cf. sqq.: ex ancilla et libero jure gentium servus nascitur, id. ib. 1, 82; cf. § 85; Paul. Sent. 2, 24, 1 sqq.—
    B.
    Free, in a political point of view;

    said both of a people not under monarchical rule and of one not in subjection to another people,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 32, 48; cf.:

    ut ex nimia potentia principum oritur interitus principum, sic hunc nimis liberum populum libertas ipsa servitute afficit,

    id. ib. 1, 44, 68:

    liber populus,

    id. ib. 3, 34, 46:

    (Demaratus) vir liber ac fortis,

    democratic, republican, fond of liberty, id. ib. 2, 19, 34:

    civitates liberae atque immunes,

    free from service, Liv. 37, 55:

    provinciae civitatesque liberae,

    Suet. Vesp. 8:

    libera ac foederata oppida,

    id. Calig. 3:

    Roma patrem patriae Ciceronem libera dixit,

    Juv. 8, 244.—
    C.
    In a bad sense, esp. with reference to sensual pleasure, unbridled, unchecked, unrestrained, licentious:

    quam liber harum rerum multarum siet (Juppiter),

    Plaut. Am. prol. 105:

    adulescens imprudens et liber,

    Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 40; cf.:

    sit adulescentia liberior,

    somewhat freer, Cic. Cael. 18, 42:

    amores soluti et liberi,

    id. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

    consuetudo peccandi,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 76, § 177.—Hence, adv.: lībĕrē, freely, unrestrictedly, without let or hinderance; frankly, openly, boldly:

    qui nihil dicit, nihil facit, nihil cogitat denique, nisi libenter ac libere,

    Cic. Par. 5, 1, 34:

    animus somno relaxatus solute movetur et libere,

    id. Div. 2, 48, 100:

    respirare,

    id. Quint. 11, 39:

    constanter et libere (me gessi),

    id. Att. 4, 16, 9:

    consilium dare,

    id. Lael. 13, 44:

    aliquid magis accusatorie quam libere dixisse,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 72, § 176:

    omnia libere fingimus et impune,

    Quint. 6, 1, 43:

    ut ingredi libere (oratio), non ut licenter videatur errare,

    Cic. Or. 23, 77.— Comp.:

    liberius vivendi fuit potestas,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 23:

    loqui,

    Cic. Planc. 13, 33:

    fortius liberiusque defendere,

    Quint. 12, 1, 21:

    liberius si Dixero quid,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 103:

    maledicere,

    id. ib. 2, 8, 37:

    longius et liberius exseritur digitus,

    Quint. 11, 3, 92; cf. id. 11, 3, 97:

    ipsaque tellus Omnia liberius, nullo poscente, ferebat,

    freely, of itself, spontaneously, Verg. G. 1, 127.
    2.
    līber, ĕri ( gen. plur. liberūm, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 9; Turp. ap. Non. 495, 26; Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40; 2, 1, 30, § 77; Tac. A. 2, 38; 3, 25 saep.; cf. Cic. Or. 46, 155;

    but also: liberorum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 76; 2, 5, 42, § 109), m. [1. liber], a child.
    I.
    Sing. (post-class. and rare):

    si quis maximam portionem libero relinquat,

    Cod. Just. 3, 28, 33; 5, 9, 8 fin.; Quint. Decl. 2, 8.—
    II.
    Plur., children (freq.; but in class. Lat. only of children with reference to their parents: pueri = children in general, as younger than adulescentes; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 657 sq.).
    A.
    Lit.: liberorum genus, Enn. ap. Cic. Or. 46, 155 (Trag. v. 347 Vahl.): liberorum sibi quaesendum gratia, id. ap. Fest. p. 258 Müll. (Trag. v. 161 Vahl.):

    cum conjugibus et liberis,

    Cic. Att. 8, 2, 3:

    eum ex C. Fadii filiā liberos habuisse,

    id. ib. 16, 11, 1:

    liberos procreare,

    id. Tusc. 5, 37, 109:

    suscipere liberos,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 69, § 161:

    per liberos te precor,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 5:

    dulces,

    id. ib. 2, 40:

    parvuli,

    Quint. 2, 15, 8;

    opp. parentes,

    id. 11, 1, 82; 3, 7, 18; 26; 6, 1, 18; 6, 5 al.: mater quae liberos, quasi oculos (amisit), orba est, Sulp. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 182 Müll.: jus trium liberorum, under the emperors, a privilege enjoyed by those who had three legitimate children (it consisted in the permission to fill a public office before one's twenty-fifth year, and in freedom from personal burdens); this privilege was sometimes also bestowed on those who had fewer than three children, or even none at all; also of one child:

    non est sine liberis, cui vel unus filius unave filia est,

    Dig. 50, 16, 148; Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 6; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 15; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 99; id. And. 5, 3, 20; Cic. Phil. 1, 1, 2; id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; id. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40; ib. 30, § 76 Zumpt; cf. also Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5:

    neque ejus legendam filiam (virginem Vestalem)... qui liberos tres haberet,

    Gell. 1, 12, 8:

    uxores duxerant, ex quibus plerique liberos habebant,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 110, 2.—Of grandchildren and great-grandchildren:

    liberorum appellatione nepotes et pronepotes ceterique qui ex his descendunt, continentur,

    Dig. 50, 16, 220; cf.:

    liberi usque ad trinepotem, ultra hos posteriores vocantur,

    ib. 38, 10, 10, § 7:

    habitus sis in liberum loco,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40.—
    2.
    Esp.
    (α).
    Of sons (opp. daughters):

    procreavit liberos septem totidemque filias,

    Hyg. Fab. 9.—
    (β).
    Of children in gen. = pueri:

    praecepta Chrysippi de liberorum educatione,

    Quint. 1, 11, 17; cf.: Catus aut de liberis educandis, the title of a book by Varro, v. Gell. 4, 19, 2; Macr. S. 3, 6, 5.—
    B.
    Transf., of animals, young:

    liberis orbas oves,

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 38.—Comically:

    quaerunt litterae hae sibi liberos: alia aliam scandit,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 23.
    3.
    Līber, ĕri (Sabine collat. form, loebasius, acc. to Serv. Verg. G. 1, 7; cf. 1. liber, and libertas init.), m. [Gr. leibô, to pour; loibê, a drink - offering; Lat. libare], an old Italian deity, who presided over planting and fructification; afterwards identified with the Greek Bacchus:

    hunc dico Liberum Semelā natum, non eum, quem nostri majores auguste sancteque Liberum cum Cerere et Libera consecraverunt. Sed quod ex nobis natos liberos appellamus, idcirco Cerere nati nominati sunt Liber et Libera: quod in Libera servant, in Libero non item,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 24, 62; cf. Serv. Verg. G. 1, 5; Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19:

    tertio (invocabo) Cererem et Liberum, quod horum fructus maxime necessarii ad victum: ab his enim cibus et potio venit e fundo,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 1, 5:

    Liber et alma Ceres,

    Verg. G. 1, 7:

    ex aede Liberi,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 57, § 128;

    in a pun with 1. liber,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 46; cf. id. Curc. 1, 2, 21; id. Stich. 5, 4, 17; so in a pun with liber, free:

    quiaque adeo me complevi flore Liberi, Magis libera uti lingua collibitum est mihi,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 2, 8; cf.:

    salve, anime mi, lepos Liberi, ut veteris ego sum cupida, etc.,

    id. Curc. 1, 2, 3.— Connected with pater:

    sic factum, ut Libero patri repertori vitis hirci immolarentur,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 19:

    Romulus et Liber pater,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 5:

    per vestigia Liberi patris,

    Plin. 4, 10, 17, § 39:

    patre favente Libero fetis palmitibus,

    Col. 3, 21, 3:

    Libero patri in monte res divina celebratur,

    Macr. S. 1, 18, 4.—
    B.
    Meton., wine:

    illud, quod erat a deo donatum, nomine ipsius dei nuncupabant: ut cum fruges Cererem appellamus, vinum autem Liberum: ex quo illud Terentii (Eun. 4, 5, 6): sine Cerere et Libero friget Venus,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 60:

    Liberum et Cererem pro vino et pane,

    Quint. 8, 6, 24; cf. also Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 4 supra:

    sed pressum Calibus ducere Liberum Si gestis, etc.,

    Hor. C. 4, 12, 14:

    condita cum verax aperit praecordia Liber,

    id. S. 1, 4, 89.
    4.
    lĭber, bri, m. [Gr. lepein, to peel; lepos, lepis; cf. lobos], the inner bark or rind of a tree.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    obducuntur libro aut cortice trunci,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 47, 120:

    colligatae libris (arundines),

    Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 4:

    udoque docent (germen) inolescere libro,

    Verg. G. 2, 77:

    natam libro et silvestri subere clausam,

    id. A. 11, 554; id. E. 10, 67:

    quam denso fascia libro,

    Juv. 6, 263.—
    B.
    Esp., because the ancients used the bark or rind of trees to write upon; usually the thin rind of the Egyptian papyrus, on which the books of the Greeks and Romans were usually written (v. Dict. of Antiq. p. 587 sq.):

    antea non fuisse chartarum usum. In palmarum foliis primo scriptitatum, dein quarundam arborum libris,

    Plin. 13, 11, 21, § 69.—Hence,
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Paper, parchment, or rolls of any substance used to write upon (cf.:

    charta, membrana): quasi quom in libro scribuntur calamo litterae,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 131.—
    B.
    Most freq. a book, work, treatise:

    Demetrii liber de concordia,

    Cic. Att. 8, 12, 6:

    quas (sententias) hoc libro exposui,

    id. Lael. 1, 3; cf. id. ib. 1, 5:

    dixi in eo libro, quem de rebus rusticis scripsi,

    id. de Sen. 15, 54:

    libros pervolutare,

    id. Att. 5, 12, 2:

    evolvere,

    id. Tusc. 1, 11, 24:

    volvere,

    id. Brut. 87, 298:

    legere,

    id. Fam. 6, 6, 8:

    edere,

    id. Fat. 1, 1:

    libri confectio,

    id. de Sen. 1, 1:

    tempus ad libros vacuum,

    id. Rep. 1, 9, 14:

    cujus (Platonis) in libris,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 16:

    in Graecorum libris,

    id. ib. 2, 11, 21:

    librum, si malus est, nequeo laudare,

    Juv. 3, 41:

    actorum libri,

    the official gazette, id. 9, 84; cf. 2, 136; and v. Dict. Antiq. s. v. Acta.—
    C.
    In partic.
    1.
    A division of a work a look:

    tres libri perfecti sunt de Natura Deorum,

    Cic. Div. 2, 1, 3:

    hi tres libri (de Officiis),

    id. Off. 3, 33, 121:

    sermo in novem libros distributus,

    id. Q. Fr. 3, 5, 1:

    dictum est in libro superiore,

    id. Off. 2, 13, 43 [p. 1058] sicut superiore libro continetur, Quint. 11, 1, 1:

    versus de libro Ennii annali sexto,

    id. 6, 3, 86:

    liber primus, secundus, tertius, etc.,

    id. 8, 1, 2; 10, 2, 20; 11, 1, 4 al. —Sometimes, in this latter case, liber is omitted:

    in T. Livii primo,

    Quint. 9, 2, 37:

    in tertio de Oratore,

    id. 9, 1, 26:

    legi tuum nuper quartum de Finibus,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 11, 32.—
    2.
    In relig. or pub. law lang., a religious book, scriptures; a statute - book, code:

    decemviris adire libros jussis,

    i. e. the Sibylline books, Liv. 34, 55; 21, 62; 25, 12:

    se cum legeret libros, recordatum esse, etc.,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 4, 11:

    ut in libris est Etruscorum,

    id. Div. 2, 23, 50; id. Att. 9, 9, 3:

    caerimoniarum,

    rituals, Tac. A. 3, 38.—
    D.
    A list, catalogue, register, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 71, § 167.—
    E.
    A letter, epistle, Nep. Lys. 4, 2; Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 5.—
    F.
    A rescript, decree (post-Aug.):

    liber principis severus et tamen moderatus,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 14, 8.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > liber

  • 9 colens

    1.
    cŏlo, colŭi, cultum, 3, v. a. [from the stem KOL, whence boukolos, boukoleô; cf.: colonus, in-cola, agri-cola] (orig. pertaining to agriculture), to cultivate, till, tend, take care of a field, garden, etc. (freq. in all per. and species of composition).
    I.
    Prop.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    fundum,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 1, 2:

    agrum,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 14; Cato, R. R. 61; Col. 1 pr.:

    agri non omnes frugiferi sunt qui coluntur,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 13; id. Agr. 2, 25, 67:

    arva et vineta et oleas et arbustum,

    Quint. 1, 12, 7:

    praedia,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 17, 49:

    rus,

    Col. 1, 1:

    rura,

    Cat. 64, 38; Tib. 1, 5, 21; Verg. G. 2, 413:

    hortos,

    Ov. M. 14, 624 al.:

    jugera,

    Col. 1 pr.:

    patrios fines,

    id. ib.:

    solum,

    id. 2, 2, 8:

    terram,

    id. 2, 2, 4:

    arbustum,

    Quint. 1, 12, 7:

    vitem,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 14, 38:

    arbores,

    Hor. C. 2, 14, 22:

    arva,

    id. ib. 3, 5, 24; Ov. Am. 1, 13, 15:

    fructus,

    Verg. G. 2, 36:

    fruges,

    Ov. M. 15, 134:

    poma,

    id. ib. 14, 687; cf. under P. a.—
    (β).
    Absol., Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 8; Verg. G. 1, 121; Dig. 19, 2, 54, § 1.—
    B.
    In gen., without reference to economics, to abide, dwell, stay in a place, to inhabit (syn.: incolo, habito; most freq. since the Aug. per.).
    (α).
    With acc.:

    hanc domum,

    Plaut. Aul. prol. 4:

    nemora atque cavos montes silvasque colebant,

    Lucr. 5, 955:

    regiones Acherunticas,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 21:

    colitur ea pars (urbis) et habitatur frequentissime,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:

    urbem, urbem, mi Rufe, cole,

    id. Fam. 2, 12, 2:

    has terras,

    id. N. D. 2, 66, 164; Tac. A. 2, 60:

    loca Idae,

    Cat. 63, 70:

    Idalium,

    id. 36, 12 sq.; 61, 17:

    urbem Trojanam,

    Verg. A. 4, 343:

    Sicaniam,

    Ov. M. 5, 495:

    Maeoniam Sipylumque,

    id. ib. 6, 149:

    Elin Messeniaque arva,

    id. ib. 2, 679:

    regnum nemorale Dianae,

    id. ib. 14, 331:

    hoc nemus,

    id. ib. 15, 545:

    Elysium,

    Verg. A. 5, 735:

    loca magna,

    Ov. M. 14, 681; Liv. 1, 7, 10:

    Britanniam,

    Tac. Agr. 11:

    Rheni ripam,

    id. G. 28:

    victam ripam,

    id. A. 1, 59:

    terras,

    id. ib. 2, 60; cf. id. H. 5, 2:

    insulam,

    id. A. 12, 61; id. G. 29:

    regionem,

    Curt. 7, 7, 4.— Poet., of poets:

    me juvat in primā coluisse Helicona juventā,

    i. e. to have written poetry in early youth, Prop. 3 (4), 5, 19.—Also of animals:

    anguis stagna,

    Verg. G. 3, 430; Ov. M. 2, 380.—
    (β).
    Absol.:

    hic,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 68:

    subdiu colere te usque perpetuom diem,

    id. Most. 3, 2, 78; Liv. 42, 67, 9; Curt. 9, 9, 2:

    colunt discreti ac diversi,

    Tac. G. 16:

    proximi Cattis Usipii ac Tencteri colunt,

    id. ib. 32:

    circa utramque ripam Rhodani,

    Liv. 21, 26, 6:

    quā Cilices maritimi colunt,

    id. 38, 18, 12:

    prope Oceanum,

    id. 24, 49, 6:

    usque ad Albim,

    Tac. A. 2, 41:

    ultra Borysthenem fluvium,

    Gell. 9, 4, 6:

    super Bosporum,

    Curt. 6, 2, 13:

    extra urbem,

    App. M. 1, p. 111.—
    II.
    Trop. (freq. and class.).
    A. 1.
    Of the gods: colere aliquem locum, to frequent, cherish, care for, protect, be the guardian of, said of places where they were worshipped, had temples, etc.:

    deos deasque veneror, qui hanc urbem colunt,

    Plaut. Poen. 5, 1, 19; Cat. 36, 12:

    Pallas, quas condidit arces, Ipsa colat,

    Verg. E. 2, 62:

    ille (Juppiter) colit terras,

    id. ib. 3, 61; id. A. 1, 16 Forbig. ad loc.:

    undis jura dabat, nymphisque colentibus undas,

    Ov. M. 1, 576:

    urbem colentes di,

    Liv. 31, 30, 9; 5, 21, 3:

    vos, Ceres mater ac Proserpina, precor, ceteri superi infernique di, qui hanc urbem colitis,

    id. 24, 39, 8:

    divi divaeque, qui maria terrasque colitis,

    id. 29, 27, 1.—
    2.
    Rarely with persons as object (syn.:

    curo, studeo, observo, obsequor): Juppiter, qui genus colis alisque hominum,

    Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 24; cf.:

    (Castor et Pollux) dum terras hominumque colunt genus,

    i. e. improve, polish, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 7. —
    3.
    Of the body or its parts, to cultivate, attend to, dress, clothe, adorn, etc.:

    formamque augere colendo,

    by attire, dress, Ov. M. 10, 534:

    corpora,

    id. A. A. 3, 107:

    tu quoque dum coleris,

    id. ib. 3, 225.—With abl.:

    lacertos auro,

    Curt. 8, 9, 21:

    lacertum armillā aureā,

    Petr. 32:

    capillos,

    Tib. 1, 6, 39; 1, 8, 9.—
    4.
    With abstr. objects, to cultivate, cherish, seek, practise, devote one ' s self to, etc.;

    of mental and moral cultivation: aequom et bonum,

    Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 10:

    amicitiam,

    id. Cist. 1, 1, 27:

    fidem rectumque,

    Ov. M. 1, 90:

    fortitudinem,

    Curt. 10, 3, 9:

    jus et fas,

    Liv. 27, 17 fin.:

    memoriam alicujus,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 31, 101:

    bonos mores,

    Sall. C. 9, 1:

    suum quaestum colit,

    Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 137:

    pietatem,

    id. As. 3, 1, 5; Ter. Hec. 3, 4, 33:

    virtutem,

    Cic. Arch. 7, 16; id. Off. 1, 41, 149:

    amicitiam, justitiam, liberalitatem,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 5:

    virginitatis amorem,

    Verg. A. 11, 584:

    pacem,

    Ov. M. 11, 297; cf. Martem, Sil. [p. 370] 8, 464:

    studium philosophiae,

    Cic. Brut. 91, 315:

    disciplinam,

    id. ib. 31, 117:

    aequabile et temperatum orationis genus,

    id. Off. 1, 1, 3:

    patrias artes militiamque,

    Ov. F. 2, 508; cf.:

    artes liberales,

    Suet. Tib. 60:

    ingenium singulari rerum militarium prudentiā,

    Vell. 2, 29, 5 Kritz.—
    5.
    Of a period of time or a condition, to live in, experience, live through, pass, spend, etc.:

    servitutem apud aliquem,

    to be a slave, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 7:

    nunc plane nec ego victum, nec vitam illam colere possum, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 12, 28, 2; and poet. in gen.: vitam or aevum = degere, to take care of life, for to live:

    vitam,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 74; id. Cas. 2, 1, 12; id. Rud. 1, 5, 25:

    vitam inopem,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 84:

    aevum vi,

    Lucr. 5, 1144 and 1149.—
    B.
    Colere aliquem, to regard one with care, i. e. to honor, revere, reverence, worship, etc. (syn.: observo, veneror, diligo).
    1.
    Most freq. of the reverence and worship of the gods, and the respect paid to objects pertaining thereto, to honor, respect, revere, reverence, worship:

    quid est enim cur deos ab hominibus colendos dicas?

    Cic. N. D. 1, 41, 115:

    hos deos et venerari et colere debemus,

    id. ib. 2, 28, 71; cf. id. ib. 1, 42, 119; id. Agr. 2, 35, 94; Liv. 39, 15, 2; Cat. 61, 48:

    Phoebe silvarumque potens Diana... o colendi Semper et culti,

    Hor. C. S. 2 and 3; cf. Ov. M. 8, 350:

    deos aris, pulvinaribus,

    Plin. Pan. 11, 3:

    Mercurium,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 17:

    Apollinem nimiā religione,

    Curt. 4, 3, 21:

    Cererem secubitu,

    Ov. A. 3, 10, 16:

    (deam) magis officiis quam probitate,

    id. P. 3, 1, 76:

    per flamines et sacerdotes,

    Tac. A. 1, 10; Suet. Vit. 1:

    quo cognomine is deus quādam in parte urbis colebatur,

    id. Aug. 70:

    deum precibus,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 580:

    testimoniorum religionem et fidem,

    Cic. Fl. 4, 9; cf. id. Font. 10, 21; and:

    colebantur religiones pie magis quam magnifice,

    Liv. 3, 57, 7; and:

    apud quos juxta divinas religiones humana fides colitur,

    id. 9, 9, 4:

    sacra,

    Ov. M. 4, 32; 15, 679:

    aras,

    id. ib. 3, 733; 6, 208; cf. Liv. 1, 7, 10; Suet. Vit. 2 et saep.:

    numina alicujus,

    Verg. G. 1, 30:

    templum,

    id. A. 4, 458; Ov. M. 11, 578:

    caerimonias sepulcrorum tantā curà,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 27:

    sacrarium summā caerimoniā,

    Nep. Th. 8, 4:

    simulacrum,

    Suet. Galb. 4.—
    2.
    Of the honor bestowed upon men:

    ut Africanum ut deum coleret Laelius,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 12, 18:

    quia me colitis et magnificatis,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 23; Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 54:

    a quibus diligenter observari videmur et coli,

    Cic. Mur. 34, 70; cf. id. Fam. 6, 10, 7; 13, 22, 1; id. Off. 1, 41, 149; Sall. J. 10, 8:

    poëtarum nomen,

    Cic. Arch. 11, 27:

    civitatem,

    id. Fl. 22, 52; cf.:

    in amicis et diligendis et colendis,

    id. Lael. 22, 85 and 82:

    semper ego plebem Romanam militiae domique... colo atque colui,

    Liv. 7, 32, 16:

    colere et ornare,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 2:

    me diligentissime,

    id. ib. 13, 25 init.:

    si te colo, Sexte, non amabo,

    Mart. 2, 55:

    aliquem donis,

    Liv. 31, 43, 7:

    litteris,

    Nep. Att. 20, 4:

    nec illos arte colam, nec opulenter,

    Sall. J. 85, 34 Kritz.— Hence,
    1.
    cŏlens, entis, P. a., honoring, treating respectfully; subst., a reverer, worshipper; with gen.:

    religionum,

    Cic. Planc. 33, 80.—
    2.
    cultus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I.).
    A.
    Cultivated, tilled:

    ager cultior,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 20:

    ager cultissimus,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33:

    materia et culta et silvestris,

    id. N. D. 2, 60, 151:

    res pecuaria,

    id. Quint. 3, 12:

    rus cultissimum,

    Col. 1, 1, 1:

    terra,

    Quint. 5, 11, 24:

    fundus cultior,

    id. 8, 3, 8:

    cultiora loca,

    Curt. 7, 3, 18.—
    b.
    Subst.: culta, ōrum, n., tilled, cultivated land, gardens, plantations, etc., Lucr. 1, 165; 1, 210; 5, 1370; Verg. G. 1, 153; 2, 196; 4, 372; Plin. 24, 10, 49, § 83—Hence,
    B.
    Trop., ornamented, adorned, polished, elegant, cultivated:

    milites habebat tam cultos ut argento et auro politis armis ornaret,

    Suet. Caes. 67:

    adulter,

    Ov. Tr. 2, 499:

    turba muliebriter culta,

    Curt. 3, 3, 14:

    sacerdos veste candidā cultus,

    Plin. 16, 44, 95, § 251:

    matrona vetitā purpurā culta,

    Suet. Ner. 32:

    filia cultior,

    Mart. 10, 98, 3:

    animi culti,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 13; cf.:

    tempora et ingenia cultiora,

    Curt. 7, 8, 11:

    Tibullus,

    Ov. Am. 1, 15, 28; cf.

    carmina,

    id. A. A. 3, 341:

    cultiores doctioresque redire,

    Gell. 19, 8, 1:

    sermone cultissimus,

    Aur. Vict. Epit. 45.— Adv.: cul-tē, elegantly: dicere, * Quint. 8, 3, 7; Plin. Ep. 5, 20, 6.— Comp.:

    dicere,

    Sen. Suas. 4 fin.; Tac. Or. 21: (sc. veste) progredi, Just. 3, 3, 5:

    incubare strato lectulo,

    Val. Max. 2, 6, 8.— Sup. apparently not in use.
    2.
    cōlo, āvi, ātum, āre, v. a. [colum], to filter, strain, to clarify, purify (post-Aug.):

    ceram,

    Col. 9, 16, 1:

    mel,

    id. 12, 11, 1:

    vinum sportā palmeā,

    Pall. Febr. 27:

    sucum linteo,

    Plin. 25, 13, 103, § 164:

    thymum cribro,

    Col. 7, 8, 7:

    aliquid per linteum,

    Scrib. Comp. 271:

    ad colum,

    Veg. 2, 28, 19:

    per colum,

    Apic. 4, 2:

    aurum,

    App. Flor. p. 343, 20:

    terra colans,

    Plin. 31, 3, 23, § 38:

    faex colata,

    id. 31, 8, 44, § 95.— Poet.:

    amnes inductis retibus,

    i. e. to spread out a fish-net, Manil. 5, 193.—Hence, cōlātus, a, um, P. a., cleansed, purified (post-class.):

    nitor (beryllorum),

    Tert. Anim. 9.—
    B.
    Trop.:

    certiora et colatiora somniari,

    Tert. Anim. 48.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > colens

  • 10 colo

    1.
    cŏlo, colŭi, cultum, 3, v. a. [from the stem KOL, whence boukolos, boukoleô; cf.: colonus, in-cola, agri-cola] (orig. pertaining to agriculture), to cultivate, till, tend, take care of a field, garden, etc. (freq. in all per. and species of composition).
    I.
    Prop.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    fundum,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 1, 2:

    agrum,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 14; Cato, R. R. 61; Col. 1 pr.:

    agri non omnes frugiferi sunt qui coluntur,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 13; id. Agr. 2, 25, 67:

    arva et vineta et oleas et arbustum,

    Quint. 1, 12, 7:

    praedia,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 17, 49:

    rus,

    Col. 1, 1:

    rura,

    Cat. 64, 38; Tib. 1, 5, 21; Verg. G. 2, 413:

    hortos,

    Ov. M. 14, 624 al.:

    jugera,

    Col. 1 pr.:

    patrios fines,

    id. ib.:

    solum,

    id. 2, 2, 8:

    terram,

    id. 2, 2, 4:

    arbustum,

    Quint. 1, 12, 7:

    vitem,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 14, 38:

    arbores,

    Hor. C. 2, 14, 22:

    arva,

    id. ib. 3, 5, 24; Ov. Am. 1, 13, 15:

    fructus,

    Verg. G. 2, 36:

    fruges,

    Ov. M. 15, 134:

    poma,

    id. ib. 14, 687; cf. under P. a.—
    (β).
    Absol., Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 8; Verg. G. 1, 121; Dig. 19, 2, 54, § 1.—
    B.
    In gen., without reference to economics, to abide, dwell, stay in a place, to inhabit (syn.: incolo, habito; most freq. since the Aug. per.).
    (α).
    With acc.:

    hanc domum,

    Plaut. Aul. prol. 4:

    nemora atque cavos montes silvasque colebant,

    Lucr. 5, 955:

    regiones Acherunticas,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 21:

    colitur ea pars (urbis) et habitatur frequentissime,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:

    urbem, urbem, mi Rufe, cole,

    id. Fam. 2, 12, 2:

    has terras,

    id. N. D. 2, 66, 164; Tac. A. 2, 60:

    loca Idae,

    Cat. 63, 70:

    Idalium,

    id. 36, 12 sq.; 61, 17:

    urbem Trojanam,

    Verg. A. 4, 343:

    Sicaniam,

    Ov. M. 5, 495:

    Maeoniam Sipylumque,

    id. ib. 6, 149:

    Elin Messeniaque arva,

    id. ib. 2, 679:

    regnum nemorale Dianae,

    id. ib. 14, 331:

    hoc nemus,

    id. ib. 15, 545:

    Elysium,

    Verg. A. 5, 735:

    loca magna,

    Ov. M. 14, 681; Liv. 1, 7, 10:

    Britanniam,

    Tac. Agr. 11:

    Rheni ripam,

    id. G. 28:

    victam ripam,

    id. A. 1, 59:

    terras,

    id. ib. 2, 60; cf. id. H. 5, 2:

    insulam,

    id. A. 12, 61; id. G. 29:

    regionem,

    Curt. 7, 7, 4.— Poet., of poets:

    me juvat in primā coluisse Helicona juventā,

    i. e. to have written poetry in early youth, Prop. 3 (4), 5, 19.—Also of animals:

    anguis stagna,

    Verg. G. 3, 430; Ov. M. 2, 380.—
    (β).
    Absol.:

    hic,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 68:

    subdiu colere te usque perpetuom diem,

    id. Most. 3, 2, 78; Liv. 42, 67, 9; Curt. 9, 9, 2:

    colunt discreti ac diversi,

    Tac. G. 16:

    proximi Cattis Usipii ac Tencteri colunt,

    id. ib. 32:

    circa utramque ripam Rhodani,

    Liv. 21, 26, 6:

    quā Cilices maritimi colunt,

    id. 38, 18, 12:

    prope Oceanum,

    id. 24, 49, 6:

    usque ad Albim,

    Tac. A. 2, 41:

    ultra Borysthenem fluvium,

    Gell. 9, 4, 6:

    super Bosporum,

    Curt. 6, 2, 13:

    extra urbem,

    App. M. 1, p. 111.—
    II.
    Trop. (freq. and class.).
    A. 1.
    Of the gods: colere aliquem locum, to frequent, cherish, care for, protect, be the guardian of, said of places where they were worshipped, had temples, etc.:

    deos deasque veneror, qui hanc urbem colunt,

    Plaut. Poen. 5, 1, 19; Cat. 36, 12:

    Pallas, quas condidit arces, Ipsa colat,

    Verg. E. 2, 62:

    ille (Juppiter) colit terras,

    id. ib. 3, 61; id. A. 1, 16 Forbig. ad loc.:

    undis jura dabat, nymphisque colentibus undas,

    Ov. M. 1, 576:

    urbem colentes di,

    Liv. 31, 30, 9; 5, 21, 3:

    vos, Ceres mater ac Proserpina, precor, ceteri superi infernique di, qui hanc urbem colitis,

    id. 24, 39, 8:

    divi divaeque, qui maria terrasque colitis,

    id. 29, 27, 1.—
    2.
    Rarely with persons as object (syn.:

    curo, studeo, observo, obsequor): Juppiter, qui genus colis alisque hominum,

    Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 24; cf.:

    (Castor et Pollux) dum terras hominumque colunt genus,

    i. e. improve, polish, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 7. —
    3.
    Of the body or its parts, to cultivate, attend to, dress, clothe, adorn, etc.:

    formamque augere colendo,

    by attire, dress, Ov. M. 10, 534:

    corpora,

    id. A. A. 3, 107:

    tu quoque dum coleris,

    id. ib. 3, 225.—With abl.:

    lacertos auro,

    Curt. 8, 9, 21:

    lacertum armillā aureā,

    Petr. 32:

    capillos,

    Tib. 1, 6, 39; 1, 8, 9.—
    4.
    With abstr. objects, to cultivate, cherish, seek, practise, devote one ' s self to, etc.;

    of mental and moral cultivation: aequom et bonum,

    Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 10:

    amicitiam,

    id. Cist. 1, 1, 27:

    fidem rectumque,

    Ov. M. 1, 90:

    fortitudinem,

    Curt. 10, 3, 9:

    jus et fas,

    Liv. 27, 17 fin.:

    memoriam alicujus,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 31, 101:

    bonos mores,

    Sall. C. 9, 1:

    suum quaestum colit,

    Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 137:

    pietatem,

    id. As. 3, 1, 5; Ter. Hec. 3, 4, 33:

    virtutem,

    Cic. Arch. 7, 16; id. Off. 1, 41, 149:

    amicitiam, justitiam, liberalitatem,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 5:

    virginitatis amorem,

    Verg. A. 11, 584:

    pacem,

    Ov. M. 11, 297; cf. Martem, Sil. [p. 370] 8, 464:

    studium philosophiae,

    Cic. Brut. 91, 315:

    disciplinam,

    id. ib. 31, 117:

    aequabile et temperatum orationis genus,

    id. Off. 1, 1, 3:

    patrias artes militiamque,

    Ov. F. 2, 508; cf.:

    artes liberales,

    Suet. Tib. 60:

    ingenium singulari rerum militarium prudentiā,

    Vell. 2, 29, 5 Kritz.—
    5.
    Of a period of time or a condition, to live in, experience, live through, pass, spend, etc.:

    servitutem apud aliquem,

    to be a slave, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 7:

    nunc plane nec ego victum, nec vitam illam colere possum, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 12, 28, 2; and poet. in gen.: vitam or aevum = degere, to take care of life, for to live:

    vitam,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 74; id. Cas. 2, 1, 12; id. Rud. 1, 5, 25:

    vitam inopem,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 84:

    aevum vi,

    Lucr. 5, 1144 and 1149.—
    B.
    Colere aliquem, to regard one with care, i. e. to honor, revere, reverence, worship, etc. (syn.: observo, veneror, diligo).
    1.
    Most freq. of the reverence and worship of the gods, and the respect paid to objects pertaining thereto, to honor, respect, revere, reverence, worship:

    quid est enim cur deos ab hominibus colendos dicas?

    Cic. N. D. 1, 41, 115:

    hos deos et venerari et colere debemus,

    id. ib. 2, 28, 71; cf. id. ib. 1, 42, 119; id. Agr. 2, 35, 94; Liv. 39, 15, 2; Cat. 61, 48:

    Phoebe silvarumque potens Diana... o colendi Semper et culti,

    Hor. C. S. 2 and 3; cf. Ov. M. 8, 350:

    deos aris, pulvinaribus,

    Plin. Pan. 11, 3:

    Mercurium,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 17:

    Apollinem nimiā religione,

    Curt. 4, 3, 21:

    Cererem secubitu,

    Ov. A. 3, 10, 16:

    (deam) magis officiis quam probitate,

    id. P. 3, 1, 76:

    per flamines et sacerdotes,

    Tac. A. 1, 10; Suet. Vit. 1:

    quo cognomine is deus quādam in parte urbis colebatur,

    id. Aug. 70:

    deum precibus,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 580:

    testimoniorum religionem et fidem,

    Cic. Fl. 4, 9; cf. id. Font. 10, 21; and:

    colebantur religiones pie magis quam magnifice,

    Liv. 3, 57, 7; and:

    apud quos juxta divinas religiones humana fides colitur,

    id. 9, 9, 4:

    sacra,

    Ov. M. 4, 32; 15, 679:

    aras,

    id. ib. 3, 733; 6, 208; cf. Liv. 1, 7, 10; Suet. Vit. 2 et saep.:

    numina alicujus,

    Verg. G. 1, 30:

    templum,

    id. A. 4, 458; Ov. M. 11, 578:

    caerimonias sepulcrorum tantā curà,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 27:

    sacrarium summā caerimoniā,

    Nep. Th. 8, 4:

    simulacrum,

    Suet. Galb. 4.—
    2.
    Of the honor bestowed upon men:

    ut Africanum ut deum coleret Laelius,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 12, 18:

    quia me colitis et magnificatis,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 23; Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 54:

    a quibus diligenter observari videmur et coli,

    Cic. Mur. 34, 70; cf. id. Fam. 6, 10, 7; 13, 22, 1; id. Off. 1, 41, 149; Sall. J. 10, 8:

    poëtarum nomen,

    Cic. Arch. 11, 27:

    civitatem,

    id. Fl. 22, 52; cf.:

    in amicis et diligendis et colendis,

    id. Lael. 22, 85 and 82:

    semper ego plebem Romanam militiae domique... colo atque colui,

    Liv. 7, 32, 16:

    colere et ornare,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 2:

    me diligentissime,

    id. ib. 13, 25 init.:

    si te colo, Sexte, non amabo,

    Mart. 2, 55:

    aliquem donis,

    Liv. 31, 43, 7:

    litteris,

    Nep. Att. 20, 4:

    nec illos arte colam, nec opulenter,

    Sall. J. 85, 34 Kritz.— Hence,
    1.
    cŏlens, entis, P. a., honoring, treating respectfully; subst., a reverer, worshipper; with gen.:

    religionum,

    Cic. Planc. 33, 80.—
    2.
    cultus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I.).
    A.
    Cultivated, tilled:

    ager cultior,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 20:

    ager cultissimus,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33:

    materia et culta et silvestris,

    id. N. D. 2, 60, 151:

    res pecuaria,

    id. Quint. 3, 12:

    rus cultissimum,

    Col. 1, 1, 1:

    terra,

    Quint. 5, 11, 24:

    fundus cultior,

    id. 8, 3, 8:

    cultiora loca,

    Curt. 7, 3, 18.—
    b.
    Subst.: culta, ōrum, n., tilled, cultivated land, gardens, plantations, etc., Lucr. 1, 165; 1, 210; 5, 1370; Verg. G. 1, 153; 2, 196; 4, 372; Plin. 24, 10, 49, § 83—Hence,
    B.
    Trop., ornamented, adorned, polished, elegant, cultivated:

    milites habebat tam cultos ut argento et auro politis armis ornaret,

    Suet. Caes. 67:

    adulter,

    Ov. Tr. 2, 499:

    turba muliebriter culta,

    Curt. 3, 3, 14:

    sacerdos veste candidā cultus,

    Plin. 16, 44, 95, § 251:

    matrona vetitā purpurā culta,

    Suet. Ner. 32:

    filia cultior,

    Mart. 10, 98, 3:

    animi culti,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 13; cf.:

    tempora et ingenia cultiora,

    Curt. 7, 8, 11:

    Tibullus,

    Ov. Am. 1, 15, 28; cf.

    carmina,

    id. A. A. 3, 341:

    cultiores doctioresque redire,

    Gell. 19, 8, 1:

    sermone cultissimus,

    Aur. Vict. Epit. 45.— Adv.: cul-tē, elegantly: dicere, * Quint. 8, 3, 7; Plin. Ep. 5, 20, 6.— Comp.:

    dicere,

    Sen. Suas. 4 fin.; Tac. Or. 21: (sc. veste) progredi, Just. 3, 3, 5:

    incubare strato lectulo,

    Val. Max. 2, 6, 8.— Sup. apparently not in use.
    2.
    cōlo, āvi, ātum, āre, v. a. [colum], to filter, strain, to clarify, purify (post-Aug.):

    ceram,

    Col. 9, 16, 1:

    mel,

    id. 12, 11, 1:

    vinum sportā palmeā,

    Pall. Febr. 27:

    sucum linteo,

    Plin. 25, 13, 103, § 164:

    thymum cribro,

    Col. 7, 8, 7:

    aliquid per linteum,

    Scrib. Comp. 271:

    ad colum,

    Veg. 2, 28, 19:

    per colum,

    Apic. 4, 2:

    aurum,

    App. Flor. p. 343, 20:

    terra colans,

    Plin. 31, 3, 23, § 38:

    faex colata,

    id. 31, 8, 44, § 95.— Poet.:

    amnes inductis retibus,

    i. e. to spread out a fish-net, Manil. 5, 193.—Hence, cōlātus, a, um, P. a., cleansed, purified (post-class.):

    nitor (beryllorum),

    Tert. Anim. 9.—
    B.
    Trop.:

    certiora et colatiora somniari,

    Tert. Anim. 48.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > colo

  • 11 culta

    1.
    cŏlo, colŭi, cultum, 3, v. a. [from the stem KOL, whence boukolos, boukoleô; cf.: colonus, in-cola, agri-cola] (orig. pertaining to agriculture), to cultivate, till, tend, take care of a field, garden, etc. (freq. in all per. and species of composition).
    I.
    Prop.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    fundum,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 1, 2:

    agrum,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 14; Cato, R. R. 61; Col. 1 pr.:

    agri non omnes frugiferi sunt qui coluntur,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 13; id. Agr. 2, 25, 67:

    arva et vineta et oleas et arbustum,

    Quint. 1, 12, 7:

    praedia,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 17, 49:

    rus,

    Col. 1, 1:

    rura,

    Cat. 64, 38; Tib. 1, 5, 21; Verg. G. 2, 413:

    hortos,

    Ov. M. 14, 624 al.:

    jugera,

    Col. 1 pr.:

    patrios fines,

    id. ib.:

    solum,

    id. 2, 2, 8:

    terram,

    id. 2, 2, 4:

    arbustum,

    Quint. 1, 12, 7:

    vitem,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 14, 38:

    arbores,

    Hor. C. 2, 14, 22:

    arva,

    id. ib. 3, 5, 24; Ov. Am. 1, 13, 15:

    fructus,

    Verg. G. 2, 36:

    fruges,

    Ov. M. 15, 134:

    poma,

    id. ib. 14, 687; cf. under P. a.—
    (β).
    Absol., Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 8; Verg. G. 1, 121; Dig. 19, 2, 54, § 1.—
    B.
    In gen., without reference to economics, to abide, dwell, stay in a place, to inhabit (syn.: incolo, habito; most freq. since the Aug. per.).
    (α).
    With acc.:

    hanc domum,

    Plaut. Aul. prol. 4:

    nemora atque cavos montes silvasque colebant,

    Lucr. 5, 955:

    regiones Acherunticas,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 2, 21:

    colitur ea pars (urbis) et habitatur frequentissime,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:

    urbem, urbem, mi Rufe, cole,

    id. Fam. 2, 12, 2:

    has terras,

    id. N. D. 2, 66, 164; Tac. A. 2, 60:

    loca Idae,

    Cat. 63, 70:

    Idalium,

    id. 36, 12 sq.; 61, 17:

    urbem Trojanam,

    Verg. A. 4, 343:

    Sicaniam,

    Ov. M. 5, 495:

    Maeoniam Sipylumque,

    id. ib. 6, 149:

    Elin Messeniaque arva,

    id. ib. 2, 679:

    regnum nemorale Dianae,

    id. ib. 14, 331:

    hoc nemus,

    id. ib. 15, 545:

    Elysium,

    Verg. A. 5, 735:

    loca magna,

    Ov. M. 14, 681; Liv. 1, 7, 10:

    Britanniam,

    Tac. Agr. 11:

    Rheni ripam,

    id. G. 28:

    victam ripam,

    id. A. 1, 59:

    terras,

    id. ib. 2, 60; cf. id. H. 5, 2:

    insulam,

    id. A. 12, 61; id. G. 29:

    regionem,

    Curt. 7, 7, 4.— Poet., of poets:

    me juvat in primā coluisse Helicona juventā,

    i. e. to have written poetry in early youth, Prop. 3 (4), 5, 19.—Also of animals:

    anguis stagna,

    Verg. G. 3, 430; Ov. M. 2, 380.—
    (β).
    Absol.:

    hic,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 68:

    subdiu colere te usque perpetuom diem,

    id. Most. 3, 2, 78; Liv. 42, 67, 9; Curt. 9, 9, 2:

    colunt discreti ac diversi,

    Tac. G. 16:

    proximi Cattis Usipii ac Tencteri colunt,

    id. ib. 32:

    circa utramque ripam Rhodani,

    Liv. 21, 26, 6:

    quā Cilices maritimi colunt,

    id. 38, 18, 12:

    prope Oceanum,

    id. 24, 49, 6:

    usque ad Albim,

    Tac. A. 2, 41:

    ultra Borysthenem fluvium,

    Gell. 9, 4, 6:

    super Bosporum,

    Curt. 6, 2, 13:

    extra urbem,

    App. M. 1, p. 111.—
    II.
    Trop. (freq. and class.).
    A. 1.
    Of the gods: colere aliquem locum, to frequent, cherish, care for, protect, be the guardian of, said of places where they were worshipped, had temples, etc.:

    deos deasque veneror, qui hanc urbem colunt,

    Plaut. Poen. 5, 1, 19; Cat. 36, 12:

    Pallas, quas condidit arces, Ipsa colat,

    Verg. E. 2, 62:

    ille (Juppiter) colit terras,

    id. ib. 3, 61; id. A. 1, 16 Forbig. ad loc.:

    undis jura dabat, nymphisque colentibus undas,

    Ov. M. 1, 576:

    urbem colentes di,

    Liv. 31, 30, 9; 5, 21, 3:

    vos, Ceres mater ac Proserpina, precor, ceteri superi infernique di, qui hanc urbem colitis,

    id. 24, 39, 8:

    divi divaeque, qui maria terrasque colitis,

    id. 29, 27, 1.—
    2.
    Rarely with persons as object (syn.:

    curo, studeo, observo, obsequor): Juppiter, qui genus colis alisque hominum,

    Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 24; cf.:

    (Castor et Pollux) dum terras hominumque colunt genus,

    i. e. improve, polish, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 7. —
    3.
    Of the body or its parts, to cultivate, attend to, dress, clothe, adorn, etc.:

    formamque augere colendo,

    by attire, dress, Ov. M. 10, 534:

    corpora,

    id. A. A. 3, 107:

    tu quoque dum coleris,

    id. ib. 3, 225.—With abl.:

    lacertos auro,

    Curt. 8, 9, 21:

    lacertum armillā aureā,

    Petr. 32:

    capillos,

    Tib. 1, 6, 39; 1, 8, 9.—
    4.
    With abstr. objects, to cultivate, cherish, seek, practise, devote one ' s self to, etc.;

    of mental and moral cultivation: aequom et bonum,

    Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 10:

    amicitiam,

    id. Cist. 1, 1, 27:

    fidem rectumque,

    Ov. M. 1, 90:

    fortitudinem,

    Curt. 10, 3, 9:

    jus et fas,

    Liv. 27, 17 fin.:

    memoriam alicujus,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 31, 101:

    bonos mores,

    Sall. C. 9, 1:

    suum quaestum colit,

    Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 137:

    pietatem,

    id. As. 3, 1, 5; Ter. Hec. 3, 4, 33:

    virtutem,

    Cic. Arch. 7, 16; id. Off. 1, 41, 149:

    amicitiam, justitiam, liberalitatem,

    id. ib. 1, 2, 5:

    virginitatis amorem,

    Verg. A. 11, 584:

    pacem,

    Ov. M. 11, 297; cf. Martem, Sil. [p. 370] 8, 464:

    studium philosophiae,

    Cic. Brut. 91, 315:

    disciplinam,

    id. ib. 31, 117:

    aequabile et temperatum orationis genus,

    id. Off. 1, 1, 3:

    patrias artes militiamque,

    Ov. F. 2, 508; cf.:

    artes liberales,

    Suet. Tib. 60:

    ingenium singulari rerum militarium prudentiā,

    Vell. 2, 29, 5 Kritz.—
    5.
    Of a period of time or a condition, to live in, experience, live through, pass, spend, etc.:

    servitutem apud aliquem,

    to be a slave, Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 7:

    nunc plane nec ego victum, nec vitam illam colere possum, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 12, 28, 2; and poet. in gen.: vitam or aevum = degere, to take care of life, for to live:

    vitam,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 74; id. Cas. 2, 1, 12; id. Rud. 1, 5, 25:

    vitam inopem,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 84:

    aevum vi,

    Lucr. 5, 1144 and 1149.—
    B.
    Colere aliquem, to regard one with care, i. e. to honor, revere, reverence, worship, etc. (syn.: observo, veneror, diligo).
    1.
    Most freq. of the reverence and worship of the gods, and the respect paid to objects pertaining thereto, to honor, respect, revere, reverence, worship:

    quid est enim cur deos ab hominibus colendos dicas?

    Cic. N. D. 1, 41, 115:

    hos deos et venerari et colere debemus,

    id. ib. 2, 28, 71; cf. id. ib. 1, 42, 119; id. Agr. 2, 35, 94; Liv. 39, 15, 2; Cat. 61, 48:

    Phoebe silvarumque potens Diana... o colendi Semper et culti,

    Hor. C. S. 2 and 3; cf. Ov. M. 8, 350:

    deos aris, pulvinaribus,

    Plin. Pan. 11, 3:

    Mercurium,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 17:

    Apollinem nimiā religione,

    Curt. 4, 3, 21:

    Cererem secubitu,

    Ov. A. 3, 10, 16:

    (deam) magis officiis quam probitate,

    id. P. 3, 1, 76:

    per flamines et sacerdotes,

    Tac. A. 1, 10; Suet. Vit. 1:

    quo cognomine is deus quādam in parte urbis colebatur,

    id. Aug. 70:

    deum precibus,

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 580:

    testimoniorum religionem et fidem,

    Cic. Fl. 4, 9; cf. id. Font. 10, 21; and:

    colebantur religiones pie magis quam magnifice,

    Liv. 3, 57, 7; and:

    apud quos juxta divinas religiones humana fides colitur,

    id. 9, 9, 4:

    sacra,

    Ov. M. 4, 32; 15, 679:

    aras,

    id. ib. 3, 733; 6, 208; cf. Liv. 1, 7, 10; Suet. Vit. 2 et saep.:

    numina alicujus,

    Verg. G. 1, 30:

    templum,

    id. A. 4, 458; Ov. M. 11, 578:

    caerimonias sepulcrorum tantā curà,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 27:

    sacrarium summā caerimoniā,

    Nep. Th. 8, 4:

    simulacrum,

    Suet. Galb. 4.—
    2.
    Of the honor bestowed upon men:

    ut Africanum ut deum coleret Laelius,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 12, 18:

    quia me colitis et magnificatis,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 23; Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 54:

    a quibus diligenter observari videmur et coli,

    Cic. Mur. 34, 70; cf. id. Fam. 6, 10, 7; 13, 22, 1; id. Off. 1, 41, 149; Sall. J. 10, 8:

    poëtarum nomen,

    Cic. Arch. 11, 27:

    civitatem,

    id. Fl. 22, 52; cf.:

    in amicis et diligendis et colendis,

    id. Lael. 22, 85 and 82:

    semper ego plebem Romanam militiae domique... colo atque colui,

    Liv. 7, 32, 16:

    colere et ornare,

    Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 2:

    me diligentissime,

    id. ib. 13, 25 init.:

    si te colo, Sexte, non amabo,

    Mart. 2, 55:

    aliquem donis,

    Liv. 31, 43, 7:

    litteris,

    Nep. Att. 20, 4:

    nec illos arte colam, nec opulenter,

    Sall. J. 85, 34 Kritz.— Hence,
    1.
    cŏlens, entis, P. a., honoring, treating respectfully; subst., a reverer, worshipper; with gen.:

    religionum,

    Cic. Planc. 33, 80.—
    2.
    cultus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I.).
    A.
    Cultivated, tilled:

    ager cultior,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 20:

    ager cultissimus,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33:

    materia et culta et silvestris,

    id. N. D. 2, 60, 151:

    res pecuaria,

    id. Quint. 3, 12:

    rus cultissimum,

    Col. 1, 1, 1:

    terra,

    Quint. 5, 11, 24:

    fundus cultior,

    id. 8, 3, 8:

    cultiora loca,

    Curt. 7, 3, 18.—
    b.
    Subst.: culta, ōrum, n., tilled, cultivated land, gardens, plantations, etc., Lucr. 1, 165; 1, 210; 5, 1370; Verg. G. 1, 153; 2, 196; 4, 372; Plin. 24, 10, 49, § 83—Hence,
    B.
    Trop., ornamented, adorned, polished, elegant, cultivated:

    milites habebat tam cultos ut argento et auro politis armis ornaret,

    Suet. Caes. 67:

    adulter,

    Ov. Tr. 2, 499:

    turba muliebriter culta,

    Curt. 3, 3, 14:

    sacerdos veste candidā cultus,

    Plin. 16, 44, 95, § 251:

    matrona vetitā purpurā culta,

    Suet. Ner. 32:

    filia cultior,

    Mart. 10, 98, 3:

    animi culti,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 13; cf.:

    tempora et ingenia cultiora,

    Curt. 7, 8, 11:

    Tibullus,

    Ov. Am. 1, 15, 28; cf.

    carmina,

    id. A. A. 3, 341:

    cultiores doctioresque redire,

    Gell. 19, 8, 1:

    sermone cultissimus,

    Aur. Vict. Epit. 45.— Adv.: cul-tē, elegantly: dicere, * Quint. 8, 3, 7; Plin. Ep. 5, 20, 6.— Comp.:

    dicere,

    Sen. Suas. 4 fin.; Tac. Or. 21: (sc. veste) progredi, Just. 3, 3, 5:

    incubare strato lectulo,

    Val. Max. 2, 6, 8.— Sup. apparently not in use.
    2.
    cōlo, āvi, ātum, āre, v. a. [colum], to filter, strain, to clarify, purify (post-Aug.):

    ceram,

    Col. 9, 16, 1:

    mel,

    id. 12, 11, 1:

    vinum sportā palmeā,

    Pall. Febr. 27:

    sucum linteo,

    Plin. 25, 13, 103, § 164:

    thymum cribro,

    Col. 7, 8, 7:

    aliquid per linteum,

    Scrib. Comp. 271:

    ad colum,

    Veg. 2, 28, 19:

    per colum,

    Apic. 4, 2:

    aurum,

    App. Flor. p. 343, 20:

    terra colans,

    Plin. 31, 3, 23, § 38:

    faex colata,

    id. 31, 8, 44, § 95.— Poet.:

    amnes inductis retibus,

    i. e. to spread out a fish-net, Manil. 5, 193.—Hence, cōlātus, a, um, P. a., cleansed, purified (post-class.):

    nitor (beryllorum),

    Tert. Anim. 9.—
    B.
    Trop.:

    certiora et colatiora somniari,

    Tert. Anim. 48.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > culta

  • 12 jaceo

    jăcĕo, cŭi, cĭtum ( fut. part. jaci-turus, Stat. Th. 7, 777), 2, v. n. [ intr. of jacio; lit., to be thrown or cast; hence], to lie.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.:

    in limine,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 45, § 118:

    stratum ad pedes alicujus,

    id. Quint. 31, 96; id. Q. Fr. 2, 5, 2:

    alicui ad pedes,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 49, § 129:

    in lecto,

    id. Phil. 2, 18, 45; Juv. 6, 269:

    in ignota harena,

    Verg. A. 5, 871:

    Tyrio sublimis in ostro,

    Ov. H. 12, 179:

    in viridi gramine,

    id. Am. 1, 14, 22:

    in teneris dominae lacertis,

    id. ib. 1, 13, 5:

    in solo,

    id. M. 2, 420:

    in viduo toro,

    id. H. 16, 316:

    in gremio,

    id. ib. 9, 136;

    11, 4: in servi complexibus,

    Juv. 6, 279;

    for which: saxum campo quod forte jacebat,

    Verg. A. 12, 897:

    deserto lecto,

    Ov. H. 1, 7:

    saxo,

    id. M. 6, 100:

    gremio mariti,

    Juv. 2, 120:

    in aversa ora,

    Ov. H. 12, 63:

    super corpus alicujus,

    id. F. 2, 836:

    somno,

    Verg. E. 6, 14:

    spissa harena,

    id. A. 6, 336:

    humo,

    Ov. A. A. 2, 238:

    nudus humi jacet,

    Lucr. 5, 224; Cic. Cat. 1, 10, 26; Ov. Am. 3, 1, 12:

    humi ante lectum jacens,

    Suet. Oth. 7:

    mecum inter salices lenta sub vite jacere,

    Verg. E. 10, 40:

    sub alta platano,

    Hor. C. 2, 11, 14:

    strata jacent sub arbore poma,

    Verg. E. 7, 54.— Absol.:

    Tityos jacet alitis esca,

    Verg. Cul. 237:

    vittae jacentes,

    Tib. 2, 5, 53:

    pisces jacentes,

    i. e. flatfish, Col. 8, 17, 9.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Of sick persons, to lie ill, to be sick:

    cura ut valeas, ne ego te jacente bona tua comedim,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 20:

    cum tristj morbo defessa jaceres,

    Tib. 1, 5, 9:

    hic facit ut jaceas,

    Ov. H. 20, 173:

    graviter,

    Plin. Ep. 5. 9:

    sine spe,

    Sen. Ep. 101, 3.—
    2.
    To lie dead, to have fallen:

    Aeacidae telo jacet Hector,

    Verg. A. 1, 99; 10, 737:

    corpora per campos ferro quae fusa jacebant,

    id. ib. 11, 102:

    cum primi occidissent, proximi jacentibus insisterent,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 27, 3; 7, 25, 3:

    neminem jacentem veste spoliavit,

    Nep. Thras. 2, 6; cf.:

    spolia jacentis hostium exercitus,

    Liv. 44, 45:

    ne inultos imperatores suos jacere sinerent,

    id. 25, 37:

    qui bene pro patria cum patriaque jacent,

    Ov. H. 3, 106:

    Arge, jaces!

    id. M. 1, 720: morte jacent merita, id. F. 3, 707:

    fratri jacet,

    killed by his brother, Sil. 15, 650:

    rupto jacuit corpore (rana),

    Phaedr. 1, 24, 10:

    jacuit Catilina cadavere toto,

    Juv. 10, 288.—
    3.
    To be or lie long anywhere, to linger, tarry, stop at a place:

    pernam, glandium, sumen facito in aqua jaceant,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 33:

    Brundusii,

    to stay long at, Cic. Att. 11, 6, 2.—
    4.
    Geographically, to lie, be situate, = esse, situm esse (not in Cic. or Cæs.): jacet Vada inter Appenninum et Alpis, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 13, 2; Liv. 5, 48, 2; 6, 30, 5; 22, 3, 3:

    inter Taurum montem jacet et Hellespontem,

    Nep. Eum. 3, 2 saep.:

    quae gens jacet supra Ciliciam,

    id. Dat. 4:

    ad vesperam jacentis terrae,

    Plin. 18, 25, 57, § 216:

    summo in vertice montis Planities ignota jacet,

    Verg. A. 11, 527:

    quod urbes in planis jaceant,

    Just. 22, 5, 5:

    alio patriam quaerunt sub sole jacentem,

    Verg. G. 2, 512:

    jacet extra sidera tellus,

    id. A. 6, 795; cf.:

    pallente sub umbra Cimmerias jacuisse domos,

    Sil. 12, 132:

    inter eos solemque jacent immania ponti aequora,

    Lucr. 4, 412; cf.:

    Cyclades et Sporades per quingenta milia in longitudinem... jacent,

    extend, Plin. 4, 12, 23, § 71.—
    5.
    To be low, flat, level:

    jacentia et plana urbis loca,

    Tac. H. 1, 86:

    despiciens terras jacentīs,

    Verg. A. 1, 224:

    praetervehor Thapsum jacentem,

    id. ib. 3, 689; Val. Fl. 4, 712:

    quaeque jacent valles,

    Ov. F. 2, 392; Just. 22, 5, 5:

    jacentes campos,

    Luc. 4, 52:

    summo despexit ab aethere terras Infelix Phaëthon penitus penitusque jacentes,

    Ov. M. 2, 178.—
    6.
    Esp., of the sea, to be level, quiet, lie still:

    mediusque jacet sine murmure pontus,

    Luc. 1, 260; 5, 434:

    servatum bello jacuit mare,

    id. 3, 523:

    planum mare,

    Juv. 12, 62:

    stagna jacentia,

    Sil. 5, 583.—
    7.
    To lie in ruins, be broken down: cui nec arae patriae domi stant, fractae et disjectae jacent, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. Rel. v. 115 Vahl.):

    jacent, Ilion ingens,

    Ov. M. 13, 505:

    ausa et jacentem visere regiam vultu sereno,

    Hor. C. 1, 37, 25:

    Troja jacet certe,

    Ov. H. 1, 3:

    vetus Thebe jacet,

    Juv. 15, 6.—
    8.
    To hang loose:

    vagi crines per colla jacebant,

    Ov. M. 2, 673; id. A. A. 3, 236:

    jacentia lora,

    lying loose on the horse's neck, id. M. 2, 201; cf.

    , of clothing, etc.: juvenes timidaeque puellae Praeverrunt latas veste jacente vias,

    id. Am. 3, 13, 24:

    demissa jacent tibi pallia terrae,

    id. ib. 3, 2, 25; id. A. A. 153.—
    9.
    Of the eyes, face, etc., to be cast down, fixed on the ground:

    vultusque attolle jacentes,

    Ov. M. 4, 144:

    jacentes Vix oculos tollens,

    id. ib. 11, 618.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To be indolent or inactive, not to come forward:

    in pace jacere, quam in bello vigere maluit. Quamquam ille quidem numquam jacuit,

    Cic. Phil. 10, 7, 14:

    C. Marius cum a spe consulatus longe abesset et jam septimum annum post praeturam jaceret,

    id. Off. 3, 20, 79:

    ars tua, Tiphy, jacet, si non sit in aequore fluctus,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 77:

    at mea numina tandem fessa jacent,

    Verg. A. 7, 298.—
    B.
    To be cast down, dejected:

    Gnaeus noster ut totus jacet,

    Cic. Att. 7, 21, 1:

    ne jaceam? quis unquam minus,

    id. ib. 12, 40, 2:

    jacet in maerore meus frater,

    id. ib. 10, 4; id. Phil. 12, 2:

    militum jacere animos,

    Liv. 10, 35.—
    C.
    To lie prostrate:

    victa jacet pietas,

    Ov. M. 1, 149:

    nobilitas sub amore jacet,

    id. H. 4, 161:

    Africani, Marii, Sullae, Pompeii infra Pallantis laudes jacebant,

    Plin. Ep. 8, 6, 2:

    justitia vacillat, vel jacet potius,

    Cic. Off. 3, 33, 118:

    humana cum vita jaceret, oppressa gravi sub religione,

    Lucr. 1, 63.—
    D.
    To be refuted, overcome, disproved, to fail:

    jacent suis testibus, qui Clodium negant Romam fuisse rediturum, etc.,

    Cic. Mil. 18, 47:

    jacet omnis ratio Peripateticorum,

    id. Fin. 5, 28, 86:

    jacet igitur tota conclusio,

    id. Div. 2, 51, 106.—
    E.
    To lie dormant, be disused or neglected, to be of no avail:

    cum leges nihil valebant, cum judicia jacebant,

    Cic. Par. 4, 1:

    tota Capua et omnis hic delectus jacet,

    id. Att. 7, 22: dici non potest, quomodo hic omnia jaceant, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6:

    justitia jacet,

    Cic. Off. 3, 33:

    maximas virtutes jacere omnes necesse est voluptate dominante,

    id. Fin. 2, 35, 117; Quint. 9, 2, 4.—
    F.
    To be despised, in no esteem:

    cum jacerent pretia praediorum,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33:

    ut neque jacere regem pateremur,

    id. Fam. 1, 5, 3:

    sed nunc omnia ista jacere puto, propter nummorum caritatem,

    are cheap, id. Att. 9, 9, 4: dat census honores, Census amicitias:

    pauper ubique jacet,

    Ov. F. 1, 218; id. R. Am 139.—
    G.
    To lie idle, neglected, or unemployed:

    cur tamdiu jacet hoc nomen in adversariis,

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 3:

    quomodo tibi tanta pecunia extraordinaria jacet?

    id. ib. 1:

    quae (pecuniae) vereor, ne otiosae jaceant,

    Plin. Ep. 10, 62, 1:

    nonne justius erit proximo cuique bonorum possessionem dari, ne bona jaceant,

    that they be not without an owner, Dig. 37, 3, 1.—
    H.
    To lie open, be obvious, to be known, be at hand:

    neque ex alio genere (verborum) ad usum cottidianum, alio ad scenam pompamque sumuntur, sed ea nos cum jacentia sustulimus e medio,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 45, 177.—
    I.
    Of speech or language, to be languid, lifeless, dull:

    quibus detractis, jacet (oratio),

    Quint. 9, 2, 4:

    jacens oratio,

    Gell. 1, 11, 15; cf. Quint. 8, 5, 32.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > jaceo

  • 13 verso

    verso ( vorso), āvi, ātum, 1 ( inf. vorsarier, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 53), v. freq. a. [verto], to turn, wind, twist, or whirl about often or violently (freq. and class.; syn.: verto, contorqueo).
    I.
    Lit.: qui caelum versat stellis fulgentibus aptum, Enn. ap. Macr. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 30 Vahl.): Sisyphus versat Saxum, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:

    turbinem puer,

    Tib. 1, 5, 4:

    turdos in igni,

    Hor. S. 1, 5, 72:

    ova non acri favillā,

    Ov. M. 8, 667:

    cum versati appositi essent pisces,

    Quint. 6, 3, 90:

    vinclorum inmensa volumina,

    Verg. A. 5, 408:

    manum,

    Ov. M. 12, 493:

    lumina,

    id. ib. 5, 134; 6, 247;

    7, 579: cardinem,

    id. ib. 4, 93:

    fusum,

    id. ib. 4, 221;

    6, 22: corpus,

    id. Am. 1, 2, 4:

    sortem urnā,

    to shake, Hor. C. 2, 3, 26:

    ligonibus glaebas,

    to turn up, hoe, id. ib. 3, 6, 39; so,

    rura (juvenci),

    Prop. 4 (5), 1, 129:

    terram,

    Ov. R. Am. 173:

    desectum gramen,

    hay, id. M. 14, 646:

    currum in gramine,

    i. e. to wheel about, Verg. A. 12, 664:

    oves,

    to drive about, pasture, id. E. 10, 68:

    pulsat versatque Dareta,

    id. A. 5, 460:

    me versant in litore venti,

    id. ib. 6, 362: vos exemplaria Graeca Nocturnā versate manu, versate diurnā, turn them over, i. e. read, study them, Hor. A. P. 269:

    et nummulario non ex fide versanti pecunias manus amputavit,

    handling, accounting for, Suet. Galb. 9.—With se, or mid., to turn one's self often, to turn, revolve, etc.: versabat se in utramque partem, non solum mente, verum etiam corpore, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 30, § 74.—Prov.:

    satis diu jam hoc saxum vorso,

    I have wasted time enough with this man, Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 55.—Mid.:

    mundum versari circum axem caeli,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 52:

    qui (orbes) versantur retro,

    id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:

    pars superior mundi non versatur in turbinem,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 6, 1:

    suāpte naturā et cylindrum volvi et versari turbinem putat,

    Cic. Fat. 18, 42:

    ne versari aves possent,

    Col. 8, 7, 1.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    In gen., to turn, twist, bend:

    versare suam naturam et regere ad tempus atque huc et illuc torquere et flectere,

    Cic. Cael. 6, 13:

    ad omnem malitiam et fraudem versare mentem suam coepit,

    id. Clu. 26, 70:

    eadem multis modis,

    id. Or. 40, 137:

    causas,

    i. e. to treat, manage, id. ib. 9, 31; Quint. 10, 5, 9; cf. absol.:

    non mille figuris variet ac verset (orator)?

    id. 5, 14, 32:

    verba,

    to pervert, alter, Cic. Fin. 4, 20, 56:

    fors omnia versat,

    turns, changes, Verg. E. 9, 5;

    so mid.: versatur celeri Fors levis orbe rotae,

    Tib. 1, 5, 70:

    huc et illuc, Torquate, vos versetis licet, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 31, 99:

    in quo, utrum respondebo, verses te huc atque illuc necesse est,

    id. ib. 5, 28, 86:

    versabat se ad omnis cogitationes,

    Curt. 6, 6, 27.—
    2.
    In partic. (rare in Cic.).
    a.
    Qs. to turn upside down, i. e. to discompose, disturb, vex, agitate:

    versabo ego illum hodie, si vivo, probe,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 5, 6; id. Pers. 5, 2, 17:

    haerere homo, versari, rubere,

    to be disturbed, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 76, § 187: si quid te adjuero curamve levasso Quae nunc te coquit et versat in pectore fixa, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 1, 1 (Ann. v. 340 Vahl.):

    miserum toto cubili,

    Prop. 1, 14, 21:

    illum toto versant suspiria lecto,

    id. 2, 22, 47 (3, 16, 5):

    odiis domos,

    to overthrow, ruin, subvert, Verg. A. 7, 336:

    ille placet, versatque domum, neque verbera sentit,

    i. e. disturbs without being punished, Ov. Am. 2, 2, 29:

    sic fortuna in contentione et certamine utrumque versavit, ut alter alteri inimicus auxilio salutique esset,

    alternated with, treated each in turn, Caes. B. G. 5, 44 fin.:

    pectora,

    id. ib. 2, 45:

    muliebrem animum in omnes partes,

    Liv. 1, 58, 3:

    patrum animos,

    id. 1, 17, 1:

    pectora (nunc indignatio nunc pudor),

    id. 2, 45, 5; cf.:

    spesque timorque animum versat utroque modo,

    Prop. 3, 17 (4, 16), 12.—
    b.
    To turn over a thing in the mind, to think over, meditate, or reflect upon, revolve, consider; to transact, carry on (cf.:

    volvo, agito): multas res simitu in meo corde vorso,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 1:

    versarent in animis secum unamquamque rem,

    Liv. 3, 34, 4:

    illa dolos dirumque nefas in pectere versat, Certa mori,

    Verg. A. 4, 563; so,

    dolos,

    id. ib. 2, 62:

    versate diu, quid ferre recusent, Quid valeant umeri,

    Hor. A. P. 39:

    ubi maxima rerum momenta versantur,

    Quint. 8, 3, 13:

    versenturque omni modo numeri,

    examined, considered, id. 10, 3, 5; 10, 5, 9:

    somnia decies,

    to interpret, Prop. 2, 4, 16:

    multum igitur domi ante versandi sunt (testes), variis percontationibus, etc.,

    examined, practised, Quint. 5, 7, 11.—
    II.
    Transf., in the mid. form, versor ( vor-sor), ātus, 1, prop. to move about in a place, i. e. to dwell, live, remain, stay, abide, be in a place or among certain persons; constr. most freq. with in aliquā re; also with inter, intra, apud, and cum.
    A.
    Lit.:

    vorsari crebro hic cum viderent me domi,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 128:

    in medio pariete,

    id. Cas. 1, 52:

    non ad solarium, non in campo, non in conviviis versatus est,

    Cic. Quint. 18, 59:

    in fundo,

    id. Mil. 20, 53:

    in castris,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 24:

    inter aciem,

    id. ib. 1, 52; cf.:

    nec versari inter eos sine dedecore potero,

    Cic. Att. 10, 8, 3:

    intra vallum,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 96:

    alicui inter femina,

    Suet. Tib. 44:

    nobiscum versari jam diutius non potes,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 10;

    apud praefectos regis,

    Nep. Con. 2, 4.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    In gen., to be; to be circumstanced or situated:

    nescis, quantis in malis vorser miser,

    Ter. And. 4, 1, 25:

    certe ego te in medio versantem turbine leti Eripui,

    Cat. 64, 149:

    ergo illi nunc in pace versantur,

    Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 6:

    in clarissimā luce,

    id. Off. 2, 13, 44:

    Minturnenses aeternā in laude versantur,

    id. Planc. 10, 26:

    in simili culpā,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 110:

    mihi ante oculos dies noctesque versaris,

    Cic. Fam. 14, 2, 3:

    nec versantur omnino scripta eorum inter manus hominum,

    i. e. are read, Dig. 1, 2, 2.—Of abstract subjects: numquam tibi populi Romani dignitas, numquam species ipsa hujusmodi multitudinis in oculis animoque versata est? Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 55, § 144:

    mors, exsilium mihi ob oculos versabantur,

    id. Sest. 21, 47:

    haec omnia in eodem errore versantur,

    id. N. D. 3, 10, 25; id. Tusc. 1, 44, 107:

    aliquid in dubitatione versatur,

    id. Rep. 2, 15, 29:

    Mithridaticum bellum, in multā varietate versatum,

    waged with many vicissitudes, id. Arch. 9, 21.—
    2.
    In partic., to occupy or busy one's self with any action, to be engaged in any thing.
    a.
    Of persons.
    (α).
    With in and abl. (class.):

    opifices omnes in sordidā arte versantur,

    Cic. Off. 1, 42, 150:

    in omnibus ingenuis artibus,

    id. Fam. 4, 3, 4:

    versabor in re difficili,

    id. Leg. 3, 15, 33:

    in re publicā atque in his vitae periculis laboribusque,

    id. Arch. 12, 30;

    ullā in cogitatione acrius ac diligentius versari,

    id. Rep. 1, 22, 35:

    si diutius in hoc genere verser,

    id. ib. 1, 46, 70:

    multum in imperiis,

    Nep. Milt. 8, 2.—
    (β).
    With circa and acc. (post-Aug.):

    circa mensuras ac numeros non versabitur (orator)?

    Quint. 2, 21, 19.—
    (γ).
    With inter:

    inter arma ac studia versatus,

    Vell. 1, 13, 3.—
    b.
    Of abstract subjects.
    (α).
    With in and abl. (class.):

    haec omnia in eodem quo illa Zenonis errore versantur,

    depend on, Cic. N. D. 3, 10, 25:

    dicendi omnis ratio in hominum more et sermone versatur,

    is occupied with, concerns, Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 12:

    ejus omnis oratio versata est in eo, ut, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 57, 244; cf.:

    imitatio est posita fere in eludendo, sed versatur etiam in factis,

    Quint. 9, 2, 58: ipsae res in perfacili cognitione versantur Cic. Or. 35, 122;

    quae omnes artes in veri investigatione versantur,

    id. Off. 1, 6, 19:

    omnia quae in causā versarentur,

    Quint. 7, 1, 4:

    epilogi omnes in eādem fere materiā versari solent,

    id. 7, 4, 19; 2, 4, 1:

    praejudiciorum vis omnis tribus in generibus versatur,

    id. 5, 2, 1.—
    (β).
    With circa and acc. (post-Aug.):

    haec pars (tragoedia) circa iram, odium, metum, miserationem fere tota versatur,

    Quint. 6, 2, 20:

    circa quae versari videatur omnis quaestio,

    id. 3, 6, 23:

    quidam circa res omnes, quidam circa civiles modo versari rhetoricen putaverunt,

    id. 2, 15, 15.—
    (γ).
    With abl.:

    itaque (finitio) pluribus legibus isdem quibus conjectura versatur,

    Quint. 7, 3, 1 (dub.; Halm, ex conj. in isdem).—
    c.
    Part. perf.:

    homo in aliis causis exercitatus et in hac multum et saepe versatus,

    Cic. Quint. 1, 3:

    viri in rerum publicarum varietate versati,

    id. Rep. 3, 3, 4:

    semper inter arma ac studia versatus,

    Vell. 1, 13, 3.— Absol.:

    is missum ad dilectus agendos Agricolam integreque ac strenue versatum praeposuit, etc.,

    Tac. Agr. 7.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > verso

  • 14 vorsor

    verso ( vorso), āvi, ātum, 1 ( inf. vorsarier, Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 53), v. freq. a. [verto], to turn, wind, twist, or whirl about often or violently (freq. and class.; syn.: verto, contorqueo).
    I.
    Lit.: qui caelum versat stellis fulgentibus aptum, Enn. ap. Macr. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 30 Vahl.): Sisyphus versat Saxum, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:

    turbinem puer,

    Tib. 1, 5, 4:

    turdos in igni,

    Hor. S. 1, 5, 72:

    ova non acri favillā,

    Ov. M. 8, 667:

    cum versati appositi essent pisces,

    Quint. 6, 3, 90:

    vinclorum inmensa volumina,

    Verg. A. 5, 408:

    manum,

    Ov. M. 12, 493:

    lumina,

    id. ib. 5, 134; 6, 247;

    7, 579: cardinem,

    id. ib. 4, 93:

    fusum,

    id. ib. 4, 221;

    6, 22: corpus,

    id. Am. 1, 2, 4:

    sortem urnā,

    to shake, Hor. C. 2, 3, 26:

    ligonibus glaebas,

    to turn up, hoe, id. ib. 3, 6, 39; so,

    rura (juvenci),

    Prop. 4 (5), 1, 129:

    terram,

    Ov. R. Am. 173:

    desectum gramen,

    hay, id. M. 14, 646:

    currum in gramine,

    i. e. to wheel about, Verg. A. 12, 664:

    oves,

    to drive about, pasture, id. E. 10, 68:

    pulsat versatque Dareta,

    id. A. 5, 460:

    me versant in litore venti,

    id. ib. 6, 362: vos exemplaria Graeca Nocturnā versate manu, versate diurnā, turn them over, i. e. read, study them, Hor. A. P. 269:

    et nummulario non ex fide versanti pecunias manus amputavit,

    handling, accounting for, Suet. Galb. 9.—With se, or mid., to turn one's self often, to turn, revolve, etc.: versabat se in utramque partem, non solum mente, verum etiam corpore, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 30, § 74.—Prov.:

    satis diu jam hoc saxum vorso,

    I have wasted time enough with this man, Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 55.—Mid.:

    mundum versari circum axem caeli,

    Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 52:

    qui (orbes) versantur retro,

    id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:

    pars superior mundi non versatur in turbinem,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 6, 1:

    suāpte naturā et cylindrum volvi et versari turbinem putat,

    Cic. Fat. 18, 42:

    ne versari aves possent,

    Col. 8, 7, 1.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    In gen., to turn, twist, bend:

    versare suam naturam et regere ad tempus atque huc et illuc torquere et flectere,

    Cic. Cael. 6, 13:

    ad omnem malitiam et fraudem versare mentem suam coepit,

    id. Clu. 26, 70:

    eadem multis modis,

    id. Or. 40, 137:

    causas,

    i. e. to treat, manage, id. ib. 9, 31; Quint. 10, 5, 9; cf. absol.:

    non mille figuris variet ac verset (orator)?

    id. 5, 14, 32:

    verba,

    to pervert, alter, Cic. Fin. 4, 20, 56:

    fors omnia versat,

    turns, changes, Verg. E. 9, 5;

    so mid.: versatur celeri Fors levis orbe rotae,

    Tib. 1, 5, 70:

    huc et illuc, Torquate, vos versetis licet, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 31, 99:

    in quo, utrum respondebo, verses te huc atque illuc necesse est,

    id. ib. 5, 28, 86:

    versabat se ad omnis cogitationes,

    Curt. 6, 6, 27.—
    2.
    In partic. (rare in Cic.).
    a.
    Qs. to turn upside down, i. e. to discompose, disturb, vex, agitate:

    versabo ego illum hodie, si vivo, probe,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 5, 6; id. Pers. 5, 2, 17:

    haerere homo, versari, rubere,

    to be disturbed, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 76, § 187: si quid te adjuero curamve levasso Quae nunc te coquit et versat in pectore fixa, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 1, 1 (Ann. v. 340 Vahl.):

    miserum toto cubili,

    Prop. 1, 14, 21:

    illum toto versant suspiria lecto,

    id. 2, 22, 47 (3, 16, 5):

    odiis domos,

    to overthrow, ruin, subvert, Verg. A. 7, 336:

    ille placet, versatque domum, neque verbera sentit,

    i. e. disturbs without being punished, Ov. Am. 2, 2, 29:

    sic fortuna in contentione et certamine utrumque versavit, ut alter alteri inimicus auxilio salutique esset,

    alternated with, treated each in turn, Caes. B. G. 5, 44 fin.:

    pectora,

    id. ib. 2, 45:

    muliebrem animum in omnes partes,

    Liv. 1, 58, 3:

    patrum animos,

    id. 1, 17, 1:

    pectora (nunc indignatio nunc pudor),

    id. 2, 45, 5; cf.:

    spesque timorque animum versat utroque modo,

    Prop. 3, 17 (4, 16), 12.—
    b.
    To turn over a thing in the mind, to think over, meditate, or reflect upon, revolve, consider; to transact, carry on (cf.:

    volvo, agito): multas res simitu in meo corde vorso,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 1:

    versarent in animis secum unamquamque rem,

    Liv. 3, 34, 4:

    illa dolos dirumque nefas in pectere versat, Certa mori,

    Verg. A. 4, 563; so,

    dolos,

    id. ib. 2, 62:

    versate diu, quid ferre recusent, Quid valeant umeri,

    Hor. A. P. 39:

    ubi maxima rerum momenta versantur,

    Quint. 8, 3, 13:

    versenturque omni modo numeri,

    examined, considered, id. 10, 3, 5; 10, 5, 9:

    somnia decies,

    to interpret, Prop. 2, 4, 16:

    multum igitur domi ante versandi sunt (testes), variis percontationibus, etc.,

    examined, practised, Quint. 5, 7, 11.—
    II.
    Transf., in the mid. form, versor ( vor-sor), ātus, 1, prop. to move about in a place, i. e. to dwell, live, remain, stay, abide, be in a place or among certain persons; constr. most freq. with in aliquā re; also with inter, intra, apud, and cum.
    A.
    Lit.:

    vorsari crebro hic cum viderent me domi,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 128:

    in medio pariete,

    id. Cas. 1, 52:

    non ad solarium, non in campo, non in conviviis versatus est,

    Cic. Quint. 18, 59:

    in fundo,

    id. Mil. 20, 53:

    in castris,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 24:

    inter aciem,

    id. ib. 1, 52; cf.:

    nec versari inter eos sine dedecore potero,

    Cic. Att. 10, 8, 3:

    intra vallum,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 96:

    alicui inter femina,

    Suet. Tib. 44:

    nobiscum versari jam diutius non potes,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 10;

    apud praefectos regis,

    Nep. Con. 2, 4.—
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    In gen., to be; to be circumstanced or situated:

    nescis, quantis in malis vorser miser,

    Ter. And. 4, 1, 25:

    certe ego te in medio versantem turbine leti Eripui,

    Cat. 64, 149:

    ergo illi nunc in pace versantur,

    Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 6:

    in clarissimā luce,

    id. Off. 2, 13, 44:

    Minturnenses aeternā in laude versantur,

    id. Planc. 10, 26:

    in simili culpā,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 110:

    mihi ante oculos dies noctesque versaris,

    Cic. Fam. 14, 2, 3:

    nec versantur omnino scripta eorum inter manus hominum,

    i. e. are read, Dig. 1, 2, 2.—Of abstract subjects: numquam tibi populi Romani dignitas, numquam species ipsa hujusmodi multitudinis in oculis animoque versata est? Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 55, § 144:

    mors, exsilium mihi ob oculos versabantur,

    id. Sest. 21, 47:

    haec omnia in eodem errore versantur,

    id. N. D. 3, 10, 25; id. Tusc. 1, 44, 107:

    aliquid in dubitatione versatur,

    id. Rep. 2, 15, 29:

    Mithridaticum bellum, in multā varietate versatum,

    waged with many vicissitudes, id. Arch. 9, 21.—
    2.
    In partic., to occupy or busy one's self with any action, to be engaged in any thing.
    a.
    Of persons.
    (α).
    With in and abl. (class.):

    opifices omnes in sordidā arte versantur,

    Cic. Off. 1, 42, 150:

    in omnibus ingenuis artibus,

    id. Fam. 4, 3, 4:

    versabor in re difficili,

    id. Leg. 3, 15, 33:

    in re publicā atque in his vitae periculis laboribusque,

    id. Arch. 12, 30;

    ullā in cogitatione acrius ac diligentius versari,

    id. Rep. 1, 22, 35:

    si diutius in hoc genere verser,

    id. ib. 1, 46, 70:

    multum in imperiis,

    Nep. Milt. 8, 2.—
    (β).
    With circa and acc. (post-Aug.):

    circa mensuras ac numeros non versabitur (orator)?

    Quint. 2, 21, 19.—
    (γ).
    With inter:

    inter arma ac studia versatus,

    Vell. 1, 13, 3.—
    b.
    Of abstract subjects.
    (α).
    With in and abl. (class.):

    haec omnia in eodem quo illa Zenonis errore versantur,

    depend on, Cic. N. D. 3, 10, 25:

    dicendi omnis ratio in hominum more et sermone versatur,

    is occupied with, concerns, Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 12:

    ejus omnis oratio versata est in eo, ut, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 57, 244; cf.:

    imitatio est posita fere in eludendo, sed versatur etiam in factis,

    Quint. 9, 2, 58: ipsae res in perfacili cognitione versantur Cic. Or. 35, 122;

    quae omnes artes in veri investigatione versantur,

    id. Off. 1, 6, 19:

    omnia quae in causā versarentur,

    Quint. 7, 1, 4:

    epilogi omnes in eādem fere materiā versari solent,

    id. 7, 4, 19; 2, 4, 1:

    praejudiciorum vis omnis tribus in generibus versatur,

    id. 5, 2, 1.—
    (β).
    With circa and acc. (post-Aug.):

    haec pars (tragoedia) circa iram, odium, metum, miserationem fere tota versatur,

    Quint. 6, 2, 20:

    circa quae versari videatur omnis quaestio,

    id. 3, 6, 23:

    quidam circa res omnes, quidam circa civiles modo versari rhetoricen putaverunt,

    id. 2, 15, 15.—
    (γ).
    With abl.:

    itaque (finitio) pluribus legibus isdem quibus conjectura versatur,

    Quint. 7, 3, 1 (dub.; Halm, ex conj. in isdem).—
    c.
    Part. perf.:

    homo in aliis causis exercitatus et in hac multum et saepe versatus,

    Cic. Quint. 1, 3:

    viri in rerum publicarum varietate versati,

    id. Rep. 3, 3, 4:

    semper inter arma ac studia versatus,

    Vell. 1, 13, 3.— Absol.:

    is missum ad dilectus agendos Agricolam integreque ac strenue versatum praeposuit, etc.,

    Tac. Agr. 7.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > vorsor

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